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arXiv 1012.0578physics.flu-dynphysics.ao-ph
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由turbulence引起的云滴的快速增长

Rapid growth of cloud droplets by turbulence

Vassilios Dallas, J. Christos Vassilicos

摘要:

假设完美的碰撞效率,我们证明,湍流可以启动和维持非常小的水滴在空气中的快速增长,即使当这些液滴太小,集群,甚至没有考虑到重力和小规模的不稳定性。这是因为即使忽略小尺度不稳定性,湍流场中相同液滴的局部Stokes数的范围也足够宽。这一演示给出的湍流是一个数量级的强度比典型的暖云,但与体积分数,即使小,但大到足以估计先验的碰撞频率是10倍以上的暖云。然而,在这些条件下的增长时间原来是一个数量级小于温暖的云。

英文摘要:

Assuming perfect collision efficiency, we demonstrate that turbulence can initiate and sustain the rapid growth of very small water droplets in air even when these droplets are too small to cluster, and even without having to take gravity and small-scale intermittency into account. This is because the range of local Stokes numbers of identical droplets in the turbulent flow field is broad enough even when small-scale intermittency is neglected. This demonstration is given for turbulence which is one order of magnitude less intense than is typical in warm clouds but with a volume fraction which, even though small, is nevertheless large enough for an estimated a priori frequency of collisions to be ten times larger than in warm clouds. However, the time of growth in these conditions turns out to be one order of magnitude smaller than in warm clouds.

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