arXiv 1012.03942010-12nucl-thhep-ph

原子核物理的新途径

A New Approach to Physics of Nuclei

E. G. Drukarev, M. G. Ryskin, V. A. Sadovnikova

备注：: 69 pages, 2 tables, 22 figures, some misprints are corrected
DOI：: 10.1134/S1063778811080047

摘要：

我们采用QCD求和规则方法描述核物质中的核子。我们表明，这种方法提供了一个一致的形式主义解决各种问题的核物理。狄拉克有效质量$m^*$和矢量自能$Σ_V$等核子特性用QCD凝聚的介质内值表示。这些参数在饱和密度下的值以及对重子密度和中子质子密度比的依赖性与用常规核物理方法得到的结果是一致的。对$m^*$和$Σ_V$的贡献与可观测量有关，不需要唯象参数。标量相互作用由π-核子$σ$项决定。标量凝聚体的非线性行为似乎提供了一种可能的饱和机制。该方法为轴向耦合常数的重整化、强相互作用对中子-质子质量差的贡献以及介质中核子结构函数的行为提供了合理的结果。该方法能够解决常规核物理方法难以解决或无法解决的问题。该方法为建立核力提供了指导思想。三体相互作用以自然的方式出现在方法中。在核物质中标量凝聚体和核子有效质量$m^*$的自洽计算框架下，严格的计算将成为可能。

英文摘要：

We employ the QCD sum rules method for description of nucleons in nuclear matter. We show that this approach provides a consistent formalism for solving various problems of nuclear physics. Such nucleon characteristics as the Dirac effective mass $m^*$ and the vector self-energy $Σ_V$ are expressed in terms of the in-medium values of QCD condensates. The values of these parameters at saturation density and the dependence on the baryon density and on the neutron-to-proton density ratio is in agreement with the results, obtained by conventional nuclear physics method. The contributions to $m^*$ and $Σ_V$ are related to observables and do not require phenomenological parameters. The scalar interaction is shown to be determined by the pion--nucleon $σ$-term. The nonlinear behavior of the scalar condensate may appear to provide a possible mechanism of the saturation. The approach provided reasonable results for renormalization of the axial coupling constant, for the contribution of the strong interactions to the neutron--proton mass difference and for the behavior of the structure functions of the in-medium nucleon. The approach enables to solve the problems which are difficult or unaccessible for conventional nuclear physics methods. The method provides guide-lines for building the nuclear forces. The three-body interactions emerge within the method in a natural way. There rigorous calculation will be possible in framework of self-consistent calculation in nuclear matter of the scalar condensate and of the nucleon effective mass $m^*$.

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