具有水动力相互作用的划手链中的异时波
Metachronal waves in a chain of rowers with hydrodynamic interactions
摘要：
在诸如草履虫或奥法利纳等微生物的表面上的细丝高度同步地跳动，并形成沿着表面传播的所谓异时波。为了研究这些波形成的主要条件，我们引入一串珠子，称为划桨，每个珠子周期性地由一个外力在一个直线段上驱动。为了实现珠粒之间的流体动力学相互作用，它们被认为是点状的。两个微珠的同步是反相还是同相取决于它们的驱动力势的正曲率还是负曲率。集中在相位同步划手，我们发现，他们只显示在散装流体的瞬态同步。另一方面，当我们人为地将流体动力学相互作用的范围限制在最近的邻居或在任何相关的生物系统中存在边界面时，出现了波长为7-10 rower距离的异时波。
英文摘要：
Filaments on the surface of a microorganism such as Paramecium or Ophalina beat highly synchronized and form so-called metachronal waves that travel along the surfaces. In order to study under what principal conditions these waves form, we introduce a chain of beads, called rowers, each periodically driven by an external force on a straight line segment. To implement hydrodynamic interactions between the beads, they are considered point-like. Two beads synchronize in antiphase or in phase depending on the positive or negative curvature of their driving-force potential. Concentrating on in-phase synchronizing rowers, we find that they display only transient synchronization in a bulk fluid. On the other hand, metachronal waves with wavelengths of 7-10 rower distances emerge, when we restrict the range of hydrodynamic interactions either artificially to nearest neighbors or by the presence of a bounding surface as in any relevant biological system.
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