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arXiv 1011.4030cond-mat.soft
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浓硬球流体的平衡

Equilibration of Concentrated Hard Sphere Fluids

Gabriel Pérez-Angel, Luis Enrique Sánchez-Díaz, Pedro E. Ramírez-González, Rigoberto Juárez-Maldonado, Alejandro Vizcarra-Rendón, Magdaleno Medina-Noyola

摘要:

我们报告了一个系统的分子动力学研究的等容平衡的硬球流体在其亚稳制度接近玻璃化转变。热化过程开始于在非平衡态中制备的系统,其具有所需的最终体积分数ε,但具有预定的非平衡静态结构因子S_0(k; ε)。然后,对于体积分数阵列,监测作为演化时间tw的函数的α弛豫时间τα(k)和长时间自扩散系数DL的演化。对于给定的等待时间,τα(k; τ,tw)作为τ的函数的曲线显示了两种状态,分别对应于在该等待时间内完全平衡的样品(τ \leq τ(c)(tw))和平衡尚未完成的样品(τ \geq τ(c)(tw))。交叉体积分数ε(c)(tw)随tw增加,但似乎饱和到值ε(a)\equiv ε(c)(tw \rightarrow \infty)\approx 0.582。我们还发现,使系统达到平衡所需的等待时间t^(eq)_w(α)比相应的平衡弛豫时间t^(eq)(α)\approx 0.27 \times [τα(k; α)]^1.43增长得更快,而且两个特征时间都随着α接近α ^(α)而显著增加,这表明在实验上不可能测量α ^(α)及以上的平衡性质。

英文摘要:

We report a systematic molecular dynamics study of the isochoric equilibration of hard-sphere fluids in their metastable regime close to the glass transition. The thermalization process starts with the system prepared in a non-equilibrium state with the desired final volume fraction ϕ but with a prescribed non-equilibrium static structure factor S_0(k; ϕ). The evolution of the α- relaxation time τα (k) and long-time self-diffusion coefficient DL as a function of the evolution time tw is then monitored for an array of volume fractions. For a given waiting time the plot of τα (k; ϕ, tw) as a function of ϕ exhibits two regimes corresponding to samples that have fully equilibrated within this waiting time (ϕ \leq ϕ(c) (tw)), and to samples for which equilibration is not yet complete (ϕ \geq ϕ(c) (tw)). The crossover volume fraction ϕ(c) (tw) increases with tw but seems to saturate to a value ϕ(a) \equiv ϕ(c) (tw \rightarrow \infty) \approx 0.582. We also find that the waiting time t^(eq)_w(ϕ) required to equilibrate a system grows faster than the corresponding equilibrium relaxation time, t^(eq)(ϕ) \approx 0.27 \times [τα (k; ϕ)]^1.43, and that both characteristic times increase strongly as ϕ approaches ϕ^(a), thus suggesting that the measurement of equilibrium properties at and above ϕ(a) is experimentally impossible.

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