土著天文学与现代天文学的进展
Indigenous Astronomies and Progress in Modern Astronomy
摘要：
从人类学的角度来看，天文学发现中的“进步之路”的整个概念是一种诅咒，因为它含蓄地贬低了其他文化观点，例如现代世界仍然存在的许多“本土宇宙论”。这样做，就有可能激怒那些持有这种观点的人，而且正如在夏威夷等两种“世界观”直接接触的地方最明显的那样，对这种进步产生了可以避免的阻力。“边缘”和“新时代”观点的存在使这一问题更加复杂，这些观点日益与土著人的观念相混淆，甚至被当作土著人的观念。在一个现代世界中，广泛的公众观念包括许多在最广泛意义上的不科学的概念，我将论证，科学天文学的进步实际上有一系列积极的好处，这些好处来自于对“真正的”文化世界观的相互认识和理解，这些文化世界观的目标与现代科学的目标一样，都是为了理解人们生活的宇宙。虽然双向教育显然是一个先决条件，但我认为，只有通过现代天文学家进行更根本的尝试来理解并最终尊重产生其他文化观点的非西方思想框架以及与之相关的遗产，才能实现必要的和解。最明显的潜在好处之一可能来自对天文学自然遗产的共同态度，即黑暗的天空。
英文摘要：
From an anthropological point of view, the whole concept of a "path of progress" in astronomical discovery is anathema, since it implicitly downgrades other cultural perspectives, such as the many "indigenous cosmologies" that still exist in the modern world. By doing so, one risks provoking those who hold them and-as is most obvious in places such as Hawaii where the two "world-views" come into direct contact-reating avoidable resistance to that very progress. The problem is complicated by the existence of "fringe" and "new-age" views that are increasingly confused with, and even passed off as, indigenous perceptions. In a modern world where widespread public perceptions include many that are unscientific in the broadest sense of the term, I shall argue that there are actually a range of positive benefits for progress in scientific astronomy to be derived from the mutual awareness and comprehension of "genuine" cultural world-views whose goals-in common with those of modern science-are to make sense of the cosmos within which people live. While two-way education is clearly a prerequisite, I shall argue that the necessary level of reconciliation can only be achieved through more fundamental attempts by modern astronomers to understand, and ultimately to respect, both the non-Western frameworks of thought that give rise to other cultural perspectives and the heritage associated with them. One of the most obvious potential benefits could derive from common attitudes towards the natural heritage of astronomy, namely dark skies.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
