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arXiv 1007.4189gr-qc
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大质量Kerr黑洞倾斜轨道的Carter常数:I.圆形轨道

The Carter Constant for Inclined Orbits About a Massive Kerr Black Hole: I. circular orbits

P. G. Komorowski, S. R. Valluri, M. Houde

摘要:

在一个极端的双黑洞系统中,轨道在克尔时空中演化时会增加它的倾角(i)。我们把注意力集中在近极轨道的卡特常数(Q)的行为,并制定了一个分析,是独立的,并补充辐射反应模型。对于史瓦西黑洞,极轨道代表了在给定的直距(l)和偏心率(e)值下Q最大的逆行轨道和逆行轨道之间的邻接点。在大质量黑洞中引入自旋(S = |J| /M2),会导致这个边界或邻接点向更大的轨道倾角移动,因此它不再清晰地将逆轨道和逆轨道分开。为了验证Kerr黑洞(KBH)的邻接性,我们首先研究了测试粒子关于KBH的最后稳定轨道(LSO),然后将这一工作推广到一般轨道。为了更好地理解Q的演化,我们开发了Q的解析公式,用l,e和S来描述邻接处的椭圆轨道,极轨道和最后稳定轨道(LSO)。通过了解桥台处dQ/dl的解析形式,我们能够检验Q的2 PN通量方程。我们还使用这些公式来数值计算的di/dl的假设圆形轨道,沿桥台发展。根据这些值,我们确定di/dl = -(122.7S - 36S^3)l^-11/2 -(63/2S + 35/4S^3)l^-9/2 -15/2Sl ^-7/2 -9/2Sl ^-5/2。因此,桥台成为一个重要的分析和数值实验室,用于研究克尔时空中Q和i的演化,并测试当前和未来的近极逆行轨道辐射反反应模型。

英文摘要:

In an extreme binary black hole system, an orbit will increase its angle of inclination (i) as it evolves in Kerr spacetime. We focus our attention on the behaviour of the Carter constant (Q) for near-polar orbits; and develop an analysis that is independent of and complements radiation reaction models. For a Schwarzschild black hole, the polar orbits represent the abutment between the prograde and retrograde orbits at which Q is at its maximum value for given values of latus rectum (l) and eccentricity (e). The introduction of spin (S = |J|/M2) to the massive black hole causes this boundary, or abutment, to be moved towards greater orbital inclination; thus it no longer cleanly separates prograde and retrograde orbits. To characterise the abutment of a Kerr black hole (KBH), we first investigated the last stable orbit (LSO) of a test-particle about a KBH, and then extended this work to general orbits. To develop a better understanding of the evolution of Q we developed analytical formulae for Q in terms of l, e, and S to describe elliptical orbits at the abutment, polar orbits, and last stable orbits (LSO). By knowing the analytical form of dQ/dl at the abutment, we were able to test a 2PN flux equation for Q. We also used these formulae to numerically calculate the di/dl of hypothetical circular orbits that evolve along the abutment. From these values we have determined that di/dl = -(122.7S - 36S^3)l^-11/2 -(63/2 S + 35/4 S^3) l^-9/2 -15/2 S l^-7/2 -9/2 S l^-5/2. Thus the abutment becomes an important analytical and numerical laboratory for studying the evolution of Q and i in Kerr spacetime and for testing current and future radiation back-reaction models for near-polar retrograde orbits.

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