arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1007.4090astro-ph.SR
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连续周期搜索法及其在年轻太阳类似物HD 116956中的应用

The continuous period search method and its application to the young solar analogue HD 116956

J. Lehtinen, L. Jetsu, T. Hackman, P. Kajatkari, G. W. Henry

摘要:

本文提出了一种改进的时间序列分析方法,用于活动恒星的光度分析。这种新的连续周期搜索(CPS)方法被应用于年轻太阳类似物HD 116956(NQ Uma)的12年V波段测光。新方法是在原有的三阶段周期分析法(TSPA)的基础上发展起来的.我们的改进是在选择建模数据集时使用滑动窗口,应用于为每个数据集选择最佳模型的标准以及光变曲线变化的时间尺度的计算。我们测试CPS的性能与模拟和真实的数据。CPS的时间分辨率大大提高,使我们能够更好地研究恒星光变曲线的快速演化。我们还可以区分数据最好由周期性和非周期性(例如恒定亮度)模型描述的情况。然而,我们发现,CPS的性能有一定的局限性。它并不能在所有情况下确定正确的模型复杂度,特别是当基础光变曲线是恒定的并且观测数量太少时。此外,检测两个接近的光变曲线最小值的灵敏度是有限的,并且在其周期估计中具有一定量的固有不稳定性。使用CPS,我们发现恒星HD 116956中持续活跃的闪烁体和1999年发生的“触发器”事件。假设恒星的表面差异旋转导致恒星光变曲线中可观测到的周期变化,我们确定差异旋转系数为|k| >0.11。在12年的观测期间,光变曲线的平均变化时间尺度为T_C= 44.1d,与预测的恒星对流周转时间处于同一量级。我们还调查了恒星上活动周期的存在,但没有发现任何确凿的证据支持它们。

英文摘要:

We formulate an improved time series analysis method for the analysis of photometry of active stars. This new Continuous Period Search (CPS) method is applied to 12 years of V band photometry of the young solar analogue HD 116956 (NQ UMa). The new method is developed from the previous Three Stage Period Analysis (TSPA) method. Our improvements are the use of a sliding window in choosing the modelled datasets, a criterion applied to select the best model for each dataset and the computation of the time scale of change of the light curve. We test the performance of CPS with simulated and real data. The CPS has a much improved time resolution which allows us to better investigate fast evolution of stellar light curves. We can also separate between the cases when the data is best described by periodic and aperiodic (e.g. constant brightness) models. We find, however, that the performance of the CPS has certain limitations. It does not determine the correct model complexity in all cases, especially when the underlying light curve is constant and the number of observations too small. Also the sensitivity in detecting two close light curve minima is limited and it has a certain amount of intrinsic instability in its period estimation. Using the CPS, we find persistent active longitudes in the star HD 116956 and a "flip-flop" event that occurred during the year 1999. Assuming that the surface differential rotation of the star causes observable period variations in the stellar light curve, we determine the differential rotation coefficient to be |k|>0.11. The mean timescale of change of the light curve during the whole 12 year observing period was T_C=44.1 d, which is of the same order as the predicted convective turnover time of the star. We also investigate the presence of activity cycles on the star, but do not find any conclusive evidence supporting them.

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