The Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton field equations are considered for four-dimensional Bianchi type-V and VI$_0$ models. The general solutions have been obtained and their properties have been discussed.
We consider the dynamics of a Bianchi type I spacetime in the presence of dilaton and magnetic fields. The general solution of the Einstein-Maxwell dilaton field equations can be obtained in an exact parametric form. Depending on the numerical values of the parameters of the model there are three distinct classes of solutions. The time evolution of the mean anisotropy, shear and deceleration parameter is considered in detail and it is shown that a magnetic-dilaton anisotropic Bianchi type I geometry does not isotropize, the initial anisotropy being present in the universe for all times.
We construct new classes of cosmological solution to the five dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory, that are non-stationary and almost conformally regular everywhere. The base geometry for the solutions is the four-dimensional Bianchi type IX geometry. In the theory, the dilaton field is coupled to the electromagnetic field and the cosmological constant term, with two different coupling constants. We consider all possible solutions with different values of the coupling constants, where the cosmological constant takes any positive, negative or zero values. In the ansatzes for the metric,…
We study the evolution of Bianchi-I space-times filled with a global unidirectional electromagnetic field $F_{mn}$ interacting with a massless scalar dilatonic field according to the law Ψ(ϕ) F^{mn} F_{mn} where Ψ(ϕ) > 0 is an arbitrary function. A qualitative study, among other results, shows that (i) the volume factor always evolves monotonically, (ii) there exist models becoming isotropic at late times and (iii) the expansion generically starts from a singularity but there can be special models starting from a Killing horizon preceded by a static stage. All these features are confirmed for …
We study the low energy string effective action with an exponential type dilaton potential and vanishing torsion in a Bianchi type I space-time geometry. In the Einstein and string frames the general solution of the gravitational field equations can be expressed in an exact parametric form. Depending on the values of some parameters the obtained cosmological models can be generically divided into three classes, leading to both singular and nonsingular behaviors. The effect of the potential on the time evolution of the mean anisotropy parameter is also considered in detail, and it is shown that…
We apply the scale factor duality transformations introduced in the context of the effective string theory to the anisotropic Bianchi-type models. We find dual models for all the Bianchi-types [except for types $VIII$ and $IX$] and construct for each of them its explicit form starting from the exact original solution of the field equations. It is emphasized that the dual Bianchi class $B$ models require the loss of the initial homogeneity symmetry of the dilatonic scalar field.
The energy and momentum of the Bianchi type $III$ universes are obtained using different prescriptions for the energy-momentum complexes in the framework of General Relativity. The energy and momentum of the Bianchi $III$ universe is found to be zero for the Møller prescription. For all other prescriptions the energy and momentum vanish when the metric parameter $h$ vanishes. In an earlier work, Tripathy et al. \cite{SKT15} have obtained the energy and momentum of Bianchi $VI_h$ metric and found that the energy of the Universe vanish only for $h=-1$. This result raised a question: why this spe…
We use our Nöther Symmetry Approach to study the Einstein equations minimally coupled with a scalar field, in the case of Bianchi universes of class A and B. Possible cases, when such symmetries exist, are found and two examples of exact integration of the equations of motion are given in the cases of Bianchi AI and BV.
The dynamics of the Bianchi IX cosmological model with minimally coupled massive real scalar field is studied. The possibility of non-singular transition from contraction to expansion is shown. A set of initial conditions that lead to non-singular solutions is studied numerically.
Poisson-Lie T-duality and plurality are important solution generating techniques in string theory and (generalized) supergravity. Since duality/plurality does not preserve conformal invariance, the usual beta function equations are replaced by Generalized Supergravity Equations containing vector $\mathcal{J}$. In this paper we apply Poisson-Lie T-plurality on Bianchi cosmologies. We present a formula for the vector $\mathcal{J}$ as well as transformation rule for dilaton, and show that plural backgrounds together with this dilaton and $\mathcal{J}$ satisfy the Generalized Supergravity Equation…
We calculate the energy distribution of an anisotropic model of universe, based on the Bianchi type I metric, in the Tolman's prescription. The energy due to the matter plus gravitational field is equal to zero. This result agrees with the results of Banerjee and Sen and Xulu. Also, our result supports the viewpoint of Tryon and Rosen.
To investigate the energy of Bianchi type-II cosmological model, I used the energy-momentum complexes of Einstein and Møller and obtained the zero total energy in these two prescriptions. This result reinforces the viewpoint of Albrow and Tryon that the universe must have a zero net value for all conserved quantities and be equivalent to the previous works of Nester et al. and Aydogdu et al.
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0011087, gr-qc/0205028, gr-qc/0404108, gr-qc/0212018, and gr-qc/0011027.
We examine the dynamical consequences of homogeneous cosmological magnetic fields in the framework of loop quantum cosmology. We show that a big-bounce occurs in a collapsing magnetized Bianchi I universe, thus extending the known cases of singularity-avoidance. Previous work has shown that perfect fluid Bianchi I universes in loop quantum cosmology avoid the singularity via a bounce. The fluid has zero anisotropic stress, and the shear anisotropy in this case is conserved through the bounce. By contrast, the magnetic field has nonzero anisotropic stress, and shear anisotropy is not conserved …
For certain models, the energy of the universe which includes the energy of both the matter and the gravitational fields is obtained by using the quasilocal energy-momentum in teleparallel gravity. It is shown that in the case of the Bianchi type I and II universes, not only the total energy but also the quasilocal energy-momentum for any region vanishes independently of the three dimensionless coupling constants of teleparallel gravity.
In this paper, we investigate the statefinder, the deceleration and equation of state parameters when universe is composed of generalized holographic dark energy or generalized Ricci dark energy for Bianchi I universe model. These parameters are found for both interacting as well as non-interacting scenarios of generalized holographic or generalized Ricci dark energy with dark matter and generalized Chaplygin gas. We explore these parameters graphically for different situations. It is concluded that these models represent accelerated expansion of the universe.
We obtain the energy and momentum of the Bianchi type VI_h universes using different prescriptions for the energy-momentum complexes in the framework of general relativity. The energy and momentum of the Bianchi VI_h universe are found to be zero for the parameter h = -1 of the metric. The vanishing of these results support the conjecture of Tryon that Universe must have a zero net value for all conserved quantities.This also supports the work of Nathan Rosen with the Robertson-Walker metric. Moreover, it raises an interesting question: "Why h=-1 case is so special?"
In the present work, focusing on one of the most popular problems in modern gravitation theories, we consider generalized Lanndau-Liftshitz energy-momentum relation to calculate energy distribution of the Bianchi-Type VI spacetime in $f(R)$ gravity. Additionally, the results are specified by using some well-known $f(R)$-gravity models.
In this paper we investigate the role of causal heat transport in a spatially homogeneous, locally-rotationally symmetric Bianchi type-V cosmological model. In particular, the causal temperature profile of the cosmological fluid is obtained within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics. We demonstrate that relaxational effects can alter the temperature profile when the cosmological fluid is out of hydrostatic equilibrium.
Within the framework of Bianchi type-I space-time we study the Bel-Robinson tensor and its impact on the evolution of the Universe. We use different definitions of the Bel-Robinson tensor existing in the literature and compare the results. Finally we investigate the so called "dominant super-energy property" for the Bel-Robinson tensor as a generalization of the usual dominant energy condition for energy momentum tensors. Keywords: Bianchi type I model, super-energy tensors Pacs: 03.65.Pm and 04.20.Ha
Self-consistent solutions to interacting spinor and scalar field equations in General Relativity are studied for the case of Bianchi type-I space-time filled with perfect fluid. The initial and the asymptotic behavior of the field functions and the metric one has been thoroughly studied.
A spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi Type I universe has been studied with ω <-1 without Big Smash. It is demonstrated that if cosmic dark energy behaves like a fluid with equation of state p = ωρ (p and ρ being pressure and energy density respectively) as well as generalized chaplygin gas simultaneously, Big Rip or Big Smash problem does not arise even for equation of state parameter ω <-1 unlike other phantom models, here, the scale factor for Bianchi Type I universe is found regular for all time. The present model is derived by using law of variation of Hubble's parameter from Bi…
Within the quantum field theory approach and using the technique of Bogoliubov transformations, the von Neumann boson-antiboson pair creation quantum entanglement entropy is studied in the context of the noncommutative Bianchi I universe. It is shown that the latter have a behavior depending strongly on the choice of the noncommutativity θ parameter, k_{\perp}-frequency modes and the structure of the curved spacetime. Moreover, the relationship between the Bose-Einstein condensation and quantum entanglement is also discussed.
The Bianchi type-I universe filled with dark energy from a wet dark fluid has been considered. A new equation of state for the dark energy component of the universe has been used. It is modeled on the equation of state $p=γ(ρ-ρ_\star)$ which can describe a liquid, for example water. The exact solutions to the corresponding field equations are obtained in quadrature form. The solution for constant deceleration parameter have been studied in detail for power-law and exponential forms both. The cases $γ=1$ and $γ=0$ have been also analysed.
Cosmic Microwave Background anomalies suggest that the Universe is slightly anisotropic, so a Cosmological Model that does not satisfy the Cosmological Principle is necessary. Anisotropic Bianchi models have been studied given that they would be necessary to understand the early stages of the Universe. In this paper, we analyze qualitatively the behavior of the cosmological redshift in a Bianchi type I model after a coordinate transformation in three cases: vacuum with no vanishing cosmological constant $Λ\not= 0$, universe dominated by dust and universe dominated by radiation.
A diffuse matter filled Type V Universe is studied. The anisotropic behaviour, the distortion caused to the CMBR and the parameter region allowed by present cosmological bounds are examined. It is shown how the overall sky pattern of temperature anisotropies changes under a non-infinitesimal spatial coordinate transformation that preserves the Type V manifest homogeneity.
We study Bianchi type $I$ cosmological model in the presence of magnetized anisotropic dark energy. The energy-momentum tensor consists of anisotropic fluid with anisotropic EoS $p=ωρ$ and a uniform magnetic field of energy density $ρ_B$. We obtain exact solutions to the field equations using the condition that expansion is proportional to the shear scalar. The physical behavior of the model is discussed with and without magnetic field. We conclude that universe model as well as anisotropic fluid do not approach isotropy through the evolution of the universe.
We obtain a general exact solution of the Einstein field equations for the anisotropic Bianchi type I universes filled with an exponential-potential scalar field and study their dynamics. It is shown, in agreement with previous studies, that for a wide range of initial conditions the late-time behaviour of the models is that of a power-law inflating FRW universe. This property, does not hold, in contrast, when some degree of inhomogeneity is introduced, as discussed in our following paper II.
Self-consistent system of nonlinear spinor field and Bianchi I (BI) gravitational one with time dependent gravitational constant ($G$) and cosmological constant ($Λ$) has been studied. The initial and the asymptotic behaviors of the field functions and the metric one have been thoroughly investigated. Given $Λ= Λ_0/τ^2$, with $τ= \sqrt{-g}$, $G$ has been estimated as a function of $τ$. The role of perfect fluid at the initial state of expansion and asymptotical isotropization process of the initailly anisotropic universe has been elucidated.
In this paper, we consider spatially homogenous and anisotropic Bianchi type I universe in the context of F(T) gravity. We construct some corresponding models using conservation equation and equation of state parameter representing different phases of the universe. In particular, we take matter dominated era, radiation dominated era, present dark energy phase and their combinations. It is found that one of the models has a constant solution which may correspond to the cosmological constant. We also derive equation of state parameter by using two well-known F(T) models and discuss cosmic accele…
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0011027, "Viscous cosmologies in scalar-tensor theories for Kasner type metrics," by M. Cataldo, S. del Campo and P. Salgado.
A model for an anisotropic Bianchi type VI universe in a Scale Covariant theory of gravitation (Canuto et al. 1977) is analyzed. A finite singularity is found in the model at the initial time $t=0$. All the physical parameters are studied and thoroughly discussed. The model behaves like a big bang singular model of the universe. This universe model is found to be consistent with the observations on the present day universe.
This paper has excessive overlap with the following papers also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0607110, gr-qc/0607115, gr-qc/0607119, gr-qc/0607109, gr-qc/0607103, gr-qc/0607089, gr-qc/0602012, gr-qc/0608024, and others.
We consider the dynamics of a causal bulk viscous cosmological fluid filled constantly decelerating Bianchi type I space-time. The matter component of the Universe is assumed to satisfy a linear barotropic equation of state and the state equation of the small temperature Boltzmann gas. The resulting cosmological models satisfy the condition of smallness of the viscous stress. The time evolution of the relaxation time, temperature, bulk viscosity coefficient and comoving entropy of the dissipative fluid is also obtained.
We consider a self-consistent system of spinor and scalar fields within the framework of a Bianchi type I gravitational field filled with viscous fluid in presence of a $Λ$ term. Exact self-consistent solutions to the corresponding spinor, scalar and BI gravitational field equations are obtained in terms of $τ$, where $τ$ is the volume scale of BI universe. System of equations for $τ$ and $\ve$, where $\ve$ is the energy of the viscous fluid, is deduced. Some special cases allowing exact solutions are thoroughly studied.
Self-consistent solutions to the spinor, scalar and BI gravitational field equations are obtained. The problems of initial singularity and asymptotically isotropization process of the initially anisotropic space-time are studied. It is also shown that the introduction of the Cosmological constant ($Λ$-term) in the Lagrangian generates oscillations of the BI model, which is not the case in absence of $Λ$ term.
Bianchi type V bulk viscous fluid cosmological models are investigated. Using a generation technique (Camci {\it et al.}, 2001), it is shown that the Einstein's field equations are solvable for any arbitrary cosmic scale function. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density. Solutions for particular forms of cosmic scale functions are also obtained. Some physical and geometric aspects of the models are also discussed.
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/9910015, gr-qc/0008034, and hep-th/0308070. This paper also has excessive overlap with the following papers also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0601070 and gr-qc/0509047.
An LRS Bianchi type-V cosmological models representing a viscous fluid distribution with a time dependent cosmological term $Λ$ is investigated. To get a determinate solution, the viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density. It turns out that the cosmological term $Λ(t)$ is a decreasing function of time, which is consistent with recent observations of type Ia supernovae. Various physical and kinematic features of these models have also been explored.
Here, we have investigated the interaction of Bianchi type I anisotropic cloud string cosmological model universe with electromagnetic field in the context of general relativity. In this paper, the energy momentum tensor is assumed to be the sum of the rest energy density and string tension density with an electromagnetic field. To obtain exact solutions of Einstein field equations, we take average scale factor as an integrating function of time. Also, the dynamics and significance of various physical parameters of model are discussed.
Bianchi type V matter filled universe with varying lambda in general relativity are investigated by using the law of variation for the generalized mean Hubble parameter. This yields the constant value of deceleration parameter and generates two types of solutions for the average scale factor one is of power law type and other is of exponential type. The cosmological constant is found to be a decreasing function of time, which is supported by results from recent type Ia supernovae observations. Also it has been found that cosmological constant affects entropy. Some physical and geometric behavi…
Self-consistent solutions to nonlinear spinor field equations in General Relativity have been studied for the case of Bianchi type-I space-time filled with perfect fluid. The initial and the asymptotic behavior of the field functions and the metric one has been thoroughly studied. It should be emphasized the absence of initial singularity for some types of solutions and also the isotropic mode of space-time expansion in some special cases.
We study the dynamical effects in the scale factors due to the scalar $ϕ$-field at the early stages of a supposedly anisotropic Universe expansion in connection with the problem of the initial singularity in the scalar-tensor cosmology of Jordan-Brans-Dicke. This is done by considering the behaviour of the general analytical solutions for the homogeneous model of Bianchi type VII in the vacuum case. We conclude that the Bianchi-VII$_0$ model shows an isotropic expansion and that its only physical solution is equivalent to a Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime whose evolution begins in a singul…
Quantum effects lead to the annihilation of AdS Universe when dilaton is absent. We consider here the role of the form for the dilatonic potential in the quantum creation of a dilatonic AdS Universe and its stabilization. Using the conformal anomaly for dilaton coupled scalar, the anomaly induced action and the equations of motion are obtained. Using numerical methods the solutions of the full theory which correspond to quantum-corrected AdS Universe are given for a particular case of dilatonic potential.
In this paper we investigate a Bianchi type I transitioning Universe in Brans-Dicke theory. To get an explicit solution of the field equations, we assume scalar field as $ϕ= ϕ_{0}\left[t^αexp(βt)\right]^δ$ with $ϕ_{0}$, $α$, $β$ and $δ$ as constants. The values of $α$ and $β$ are obtained by probing the proposed model with recent observational Hubble data (OHD) points. The interacting and non-interacting scenarios between dark matter and dark energy of the derived Universe within the framework of Brans-Dicke gravity are investigated. The $om(z)$ analysis of the Universe in derived model shows …
Spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type $VI_0$ cosmological models with cosmological constant are investigated in the presence of anisotropic dark energy. We examine the effects of electromagnetic field on the dynamics of the universe and anisotropic behavior of dark energy. The law of variation of the mean Hubble parameter is used to find exact solutions of the Einstein field equations. We find that electromagnetic field promotes anisotropic behavior of dark energy which becomes isotropic for future evolution. It is concluded that the isotropic behavior of the universe model is see…
The Bianchi IX cosmological model (through Bianchi I and II) is analyzed in the framework of a generalized uncertainty principle. In particular, the anisotropies of the Universe are described by a deformed Heisenberg algebra. Three main results are in order. (i) The Universe can not isotropize because of the deformed Kasner dynamics. (ii) The triangular allowed domain is asymptotically stationary with respect to the particle (Universe) and its bounces against the walls are not interrupted by the deformed effects. (iii) No reflection law can be in obtained since the Bianchi II model is no longe…
According to standard cosmology, the universe is homogeneous and isotropic at large scales. However, some anisotropies can be observed at the local scale in the universe through various ways. Here we have studied the Bianchi type I model with customizing the scale factors to understand the anisotropic nature of the universe. We have considered two cases with slight modifications of scale factors in different directions in the generalized Bianchi Type I metric equation, and compared the results with the $Λ$CDM model and also with available cosmological observational data. Through this study, we…
Using the symmetric energy-momentum complexes of Landau and Lifshitz, Papapetrou, and Weinberg we obtain the energy of the universe in anisotropic Bianchi type I cosmological models . The energy (due to matter plus field) is found to be zero and this agrees with a previous result of Banerjee and Sen who investigated this problem using the Einstein energy-momentum complex. Our result supports the importance of the energy-momentum complexes and contradicts the prevailing ``folklore'' that different energy-momentum complexes could give different and hence unacceptable energy distribution in a giv…
Bianchi type $VI_{0}$ massive string cosmological models using the technique given by Letelier (1983) with magnetic field are investigated. To get the deterministic models, we assume that the expansion ($θ$) in the model is proportional to the shear ($σ$) and also the fluid obeys the barotropic equation of state. It was found that vacuum energy density $Λ\propto \frac{1}{t^{2}}$ which matches with natural units. The behaviour of the models from physical and geometrical aspects in presence and absence of magnetic field is also discussed.
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0303009, hep-th/0405047, gr-qc/0602107, hep-th/0311050, and others. This paper has excessive overlap with the following papers also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0607115, gr-qc/0607103, gr-qc/0606080, gr-qc/0607126, gr-qc/0607102, gr-qc/0510123, gr-qc/0607110, and others.
We consider a system of nonlinear spinor and a Bianchi type I gravitational fields in presence of viscous fluid. The nonlinear term in the spinor field Lagrangian is chosen to be $λF$, with $λ$ being a self-coupling constant and $F$ being a function of the invariants $I$ an $J$ constructed from bilinear spinor forms $S$ and $P$. Self-consistent solutions to the spinor and BI gravitational field equations are obtained in terms of $τ$, where $τ$ is the volume scale of BI universe. System of equations for $τ$ and $\ve$, where $\ve$ is the energy of the viscous fluid, is deduced. This system is so…
We investigate Bianchi I cosmological model in the theory of a dilatonM field coupled to gravity through a Gauss-Bonnet term. Two type ofM cosmological singularity are distinguished. The former is analogous toM the Einstein gravity singularity, the latter (which does not appear inM classical General Relativity) occurs when the main determinant of theM system of field equations vanishes. An analogy between the latterM cosmological singularity and the singularity inside a black hole withM a dilatonic hair is discussed. Initial conditions, leading to theseM two types of cosmological singularity a…
We present a general study of the dynamical properties of Anisotropic Bianchi Universes in the context of Einstein General Relativity. Integrability results using Kovalevskaya exponents are reported and connected to general knowledge about Bianchi dynamics. Finally, dynamics toward singularity in Bianchi type VIII and IX universes are showed to be equivalent in some precise sence.
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0010068. This paper has excessive overlap with the following papers also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0607109, gr-qc/0607126, gr-qc/0607103, gr-qc/0607115, gr-qc/0607119, gr-qc/0608024, gr-qc/0601133, gr-qc/0603044, gr-qc/0607089, gr-qc/0505078, and others.
The nature of cosmological solutions for a homogeneous, anisotropic Universe given by a Bianchi type-I (BI) model in the presence of a Cosmological constant $Λ$ is investigated by taking into account dissipative process due to viscosity. The system in question is thoroughly studied both analytically and numerically. It is shown the viscosity, as well as the $Λ$ term exhibit essential influence on the character of the solutions. In particular a negative $Λ$ gives rise to an ever-expanding Universe, whereas, a suitable choice of initial conditions plus a positive $Λ$ can result in a singularity-…
This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0303009, hep-th/0405047, gr-qc/0412120, gr-qc/0602107, hep-th/0311050, and gr-qc/0508005. This paper has excessive overlap with the following papers also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0607119, gr-qc/0607103, gr-qc/0607126, gr-qc/0606080, gr-qc/0607102, gr-qc/0510123, gr-qc/0607110, and others.
Self-consistent system of spinor, scalar and BI gravitational fields in presence of magneto-fluid and $Λ$-term is considered. Assuming that the expansion of the BI universe is proportional to the $σ_1^1$ component of the shear tensor, exact solutions for the metric functions, as well as for scalar and spinor fields are obtained. For a non-positive $Λ$ the initially anisotropic space-time becomes isotropic one in the process of expansion, whereas, for $Λ> 0$ an oscillatory mode of expansion of the BI model occurs.