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arXiv 1006.3563astro-ph.GA
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作为中等质量黑洞动力学探测器的银河系中心星S2

The Galactic Centre star S2 as a dynamical probe for intermediate-mass black holes

Alessia Gualandris, Stefan Gillessen, David Merritt

摘要:

研究了中等质量黑洞对银河系中心超大质量黑洞的最短周期恒星S2(S 02)轨道的短期影响。近红外成像和光谱观测可以准确确定恒星的轨道。由于S2的轨道周期短,离心率大,因此需要考虑广义相对论(GR),并且其影响可能通过现有技术进行测量。我们表明,由于IBH在MBH周围的轨道扰动可以产生的S2的远心点的位移是一样大,甚至大于GR的移位。IBH也会引起S2轨道平面的变化,其变化幅度高达每周期一度。我们应用观测轨道拟合技术模拟的S-集群中存在的IBH,发现一个IBH更大的质量超过约1000太阳质量的距离的S-恒星将被检测到在下一个近地点通过的S2,这将发生在2018年。

英文摘要:

We study the short-term effects of an intermediate mass black hole (IBH) on the orbit of star S2 (S02), the shortest-period star known to orbit the supermassive black hole (MBH) in the centre of the Milky Way. Near-infrared imaging and spectroscopic observations allow an accurate determination of the orbit of the star. Given S2's short orbital period and large eccentricity, general relativity (GR) needs to be taken into account, and its effects are potentially measurable with current technology. We show that perturbations due to an IBH in orbit around the MBH can produce a shift in the apoapsis of S2 that is as large or even larger than the GR shift. An IBH will also induce changes in the plane of S2's orbit at a level as large as one degree per period. We apply observational orbital fitting techniques to simulations of the S-cluster in the presence of an IBH and find that an IBH more massive than about 1000 solar masses at the distance of the S-stars will be detectable at the next periapse passage of S2, which will occur in 2018.

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