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arXiv 1006.0978astro-ph.CO
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用多波长方法研究极红星系群的性质:I -对恒星形成率密度和AGN含量的贡献

A multi-wavelength approach to the properties of Extremely Red Galaxy populations: I - Contribution to the Star Formation Rate density and AGN content

Hugo Messias, Jose Afonso, Andrew Hopkins, Bahram Mobasher, Tania Dominici, David M. Alexander

摘要:

我们提出了一个多波长分析的性质的极端红星系(ERG)的人口,选择在GOODS-South/钱德拉深场南字段。通过使用所有的光度和光谱信息,可在大型深样本的ERO(645个源),IERO(294个源),和DRG(350个源),我们得出红移分布,确定活动星系核供电和恒星形成供电的星系,并使用该领域的射电观测,估计强大的(活动星系核和尘埃无偏)恒星形成率密度(SFRD)为这些人口。我们还研究了“纯”(星系,符合三个ERG标准考虑之一)和“结合”(星系,验证所有三个标准)子群体的属性。总的来说,大量活动星系核被确认(根据X射线和中红外标准,高达30%),其中大多数是2型(模糊)天体。在没有活动星系核活动证据的ERG中,我们确定了涵盖广泛的平均恒星形成率的子群,从低于10 Mo/年到高达200 Mo/年。应用红移分离(1<z<2和2<z<3),我们发现ERO和DRG的SFRD有显著的演变(增加2倍或更高),而IERO没有观察到。在2<z<3时,前者对全球SFRD的贡献率可达20%以上。活动星系核活动的辐射在ERG星群中通常不强,活动星系核使ERG亚星群的平均射电光度增加,名义上不到20%。AGN是常见的,但是,如果没有歧视,这可能会显着增加SFRD估计(在某些情况下超过100%)。因此,虽然恒星形成过程的贡献与活动星系核的星系射电光度仍然不确定,在这些人口活动星系核的全面识别是必要的,以获得有意义的结果。

英文摘要:

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the properties of Extremely Red Galaxy (ERG) populations, selected in the GOODS-South/Chandra Deep Field South field. By using all the photometric and spectroscopic information available on large deep samples of EROs (645 sources), IEROs (294 sources), and DRGs (350 sources), we derive redshift distributions, identify AGN powered and Star-formation powered galaxies, and, using the radio observations of this field, estimate robust (AGN- and dust-unbiased) Star Formation Rate Densities (SFRD) for these populations. We also investigate the properties of "pure" (galaxies that conform to only one of the three ERG criteria considered) and "combined" (galaxies that verify all three criteria) sub-populations. Overall, a large number of AGN are identified (up to ~30%, based on X-rays, and mid-infrared criteria), the majority of which are type-2 (obscured) objects. Among ERGs with no evidence for AGN activity, we identify sub-populations covering a wide range of average star-formation rates, from below 10 Mo/yr to as high as 200 Mo/yr. Applying a redshift separation (1<z<2 and 2<z<3) we find significant evolution (an increase of a factor of 2 or higher) of SFRD for EROs and DRGs, while none is observed for IEROs. The former populations can contribute more than 20\% to the global SFRD at 2<z<3. The emission from AGN activity is typically not strong in the ERG population, with AGN increasing the average radio luminosity of ERG sub-populations by, nominally, less than 20%. AGN are common, however, and, if no discrimination is attempted, this could significantly increase the SFRD estimate (by over 100% in some cases). Thus, and while the contribution of star forming processes to the radio luminosity in galaxies with AGN remains uncertain, a comprehensive identification of AGN in these populations is necessary to obtain meaningful results.

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