In the context of the evolution of large structures in the Universe, it is unclear whether active galaxies are a phase which each galaxy undergoes, and what is the importance of the evolution of black holes in their centers. Binary black hole (BBH) systems could play a key role in our understanding of the above question.
We investigate the Caltech-Jodrell Bank flat-spectrum (CJF) sample for evidence in favor of the merger-driven evolution scheme of active galaxies and search tracer-systems of AGN evolution and possible indications of BBH candidates. We discuss the validity and ambiguity of such indications and formulate a set of selection criteria for the detection of such systems. We conduct an extensive literature search for all available multi-wavelength information, concentrating on the optical and infrared regime, in addition to morphological information of the CJF sources. We analyze the statistics of this sample, in terms of these properties.
We find 1 ULIRG (Mrk 231) included in the CJF, prototype of a transitory system. In total 28.6% of the CJF sources with z<0.4 are distorted or have a companion. Given the unbiased sample used here, this provides strong evidence for the ubiquity of the merger phenomenon in the context of active galaxies. We find a correlation between the radio and the near-infrared luminosity for the high-luminosity sources, interpreted in the context of the interplay between a star-formation and AGN component. We find a connection between variability and evolutionary transitory systems, as selected through their near-infrared colors. We select 28 sources that trace the different evolution phases of an AGN, as well as a number of the most promising BBH candidates. We find 4 sources with almost periodical variability in the optical and radio on similar timescales.
MEDUSA I. Tracing magnetic field structures in tidal arms of the dwarf-dwarf merger NGC 1487
Ruhr Astroparticle and Plasma Physics Center (RAPP Center)(鲁尔高能粒子与等离子体物理中心);CSIRO Space and Astronomy(澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织空间与天文部门);Thüringer Landessternwarte(图林根州立天文台);Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty for Physics & Astronomy, Theoretical Physics IV: Plasma Astroparticle Physics(波鸿鲁尔大学物理与天文学学院理论物理学第四系:等离子体高能天体物理学);SKA Observatory, SKA-Low Science Operations Centre(平方公里阵列射电望远镜天文台,SKA低频科学运行中心);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡利亚里天文台);Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University(雅盖隆大学天文台)
Public Release of A-SLOTH: Ancient Stars and Local Observables by Tracing Halos
半解析模型A-SLOTH(Ancient Stars and Local Observables by Tracing Halos)是第一个将第一批恒星和星系的形成与观测数据联系起来的公共代码。在几个成功的项目之后,我们发布了源代码,并在本文中描述了公共版本。该模型是基于暗物质合并树,可以生成的基础上扩展的Press-Schechter理论或可以从暗物质模拟导入。在这些合并树的顶部,A-SLOTH应用重子物理学的分析配方来模拟无金属和贫金属恒星的形成以及它们之间的过渡,具有前所未有的精度和保真度。A-SLOTH对单个恒星进行采样,包括辐射、化学和机械反馈。它是基于六个观测值,如汤姆逊散射的光学深度,银河系及其卫星星系的恒星质量,极端金属贫星的数量和宇宙恒星形成率密度在高红移校准。A-SLOTH具有中等计算要求的多用途应用。它可以用来限制第一恒星和高z星系的性质,预测银河系中最古老和最贫金属的恒星的性质,可以作为更大的宇宙学模拟的亚网格模型,并预测早期宇宙的下一代观测值,如超新星速率或引力波事件。
BAQARO: Tracing Stochastic Black Hole Growth Histories and Quasar Lightcurves in a Cosmological Context
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(天体物理中心 | 哈佛与史密森尼学会);Leiden Observatory, Leiden University(莱顿天文台,莱顿大学);Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara(加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校物理系)
Galaxy mergers drive enhancements in ionization states
Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学天体物理研究所);Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri-Kansas City(密苏里堪萨斯城大学物理与天文系);Missouri Institute for Defense & Energy(密苏里国防与能源研究所)
Tracing the Evolution of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies into Radio Galaxies with Low Frequency Radio Observations
我们目前的无线电观测超亮红外星系(ULIRGs)使用巨型米波射电望远镜(GMRT),并将它们与档案多频观测,以了解是否ULIRGs是在本地宇宙中的强大的射电大声星系的祖先。超红外类星体的特点是红外线光度大($L_{IR}>$ 10 $^{12}$ L $\odot$),尘埃质量大($\sim10^{8}M_{\odot}$),恒星形成活跃(恒星形成速率$\sim$ 10-100 $M_{\odot}~$ yr $^{-1}$)。研究表明,它们代表了富含气体的螺旋星系合并的最后阶段。它们的光度可以归因于星暴活动和活动星系核(AGN)。我们研究了13个ULIRG样本,这些样本通过1.28~GHz的GMRT观测数据光学识别了活动星系核特征。我们的目标是解决任何核心喷流结构或核扩展,从而检查是否ULIRGs正在演变成无线电响亮的椭圆。我们的深,低频观测显示只有一个源的边际扩展。然而,9个ULIRG的综合无线电频谱表现出类似于GPS/CSS/CSO/年轻射电源的特征。估计的光谱年龄为0.4至20百万年,表明它们是年轻的射电源和可能的射电星系的祖先。因此,我们的结论是,虽然大多数ULIRG不显示kpc尺度的扩展无线电发射与核活动,其无线电频谱能量分布确实显示年轻的射电星系的签名。
The Journey to Dominance: How BCGs Evolve Differently from Other Massive Galaxies
Universidade de São Paulo(圣保罗大学);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);University of Hertfordshire(赫特福德大学);Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(马德里自治大学);Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontifical 大学);Universidad de Sevilla(塞维利亚大学)
Characterizing the Formation and Evolution of S0-galaxies (CaFES-0): Revealing the origin of the mass-size relation for S0 galaxies
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María(费德里科·圣玛丽亚技术大学);Millennium Nucleus for Galaxies (MINGAL)(银河系千年核心计划);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Universidad de La Serena(拉塞里纳大学);Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales(迭戈·波特莱斯大学工程与科学学院天体物理研究所);Universidad de Buenos Aires(布宜诺斯艾利斯大学);CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE)(阿根廷国家科学研究委员会-布宜诺斯艾利斯大学空间天文与物理研究所);Departamento de Astronomia, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas da USP(圣保罗大学天文、地球物理与大气科学系天文部)