我们研究了第四代夸克存在下的D 0-D 0混合。特别是，我们计算的大小允许的CP破坏，这是发现在可观察的水平远远超出任何可能的CKM动态。我们计算了半轻子不对称性a_SL和混合诱导CP不对称性eta_fS_f，它们是相互关联的。我们还研究了eta_fS_f与其它介子系统中的一些重要观测量的相关性，如ε ′/π，Br（K_L -> pi 0 nu nu），Br（K+ -> pi+ nu nu），Br（B_s ->mu + mu-），Br（B_d -> mu+ mu-），最后是B_s系统中的S_psi phi。我们确定了一个明确的模式的味道和CP破坏预测的SM 4模型：虽然同时在K和D系统的大4G效应是可能的，伴随的大NP效应在B_d系统是不利的。然而，这种行为并不像LHT和RSc模型那样明显。与此相反，在B_s系统中，除非eta_fS_f中存在极端效应，否则可能出现相当大的CP破坏效应，而在D系统中，Br（B_s ->mu+ mu-）可以被强烈地增强，而与D系统中的情况无关。另一方面，我们发现，S_psi φ> 0.2与测量的ε ′/ε ′相结合显著地减小了D系统内的4G效应。
英文摘要：
We study D0-D0 mixing in the presence of a fourth generation of quarks. In particular, we calculate the size of the allowed CP violation which is found at the observable level well beyond anything possible with CKM dynamics. We calculate the semileptonic asymmetry a_SL and the mixing induced CP asymmetry eta_fS_f which are correlated with each other. We also investigate the correlation of eta_fS_f with a number of prominent observables in other mesonic systems like epsilon'/epsilon, Br(K_L -> pi0 nu nu), Br(K+ -> pi+ nu nu), Br(B_s ->mu+ mu-), Br(B_d -> mu+ mu-) and finally S_psi phi in the B_s system. We identify a clear pattern of flavour and CP violation predicted by the SM4 model: While simultaneous large 4G effects in the K and D systems are possible, accompanying large NP effects in the B_d system are disfavoured. However this behaviour is not as pronounced as found for the LHT and RSc models. In contrast to this, sizeable CP violating effects in the B_s system are possible unless extreme effects in eta_fS_f are found, and Br(B_s ->mu+ mu-) can be strongly enhanced regardless of the situation in the D system. We find that, on the other hand, S_psi phi > 0.2 combined with the measured epsilon'/epsilon significantly diminishes 4G effects within the D system.
Search For Non-Standard Model CP/T violation At Tau-Charm Factory
我们系统地调查发现CP/T违反的可能性，在$τ$部门在陶魅力工厂。CP/T破坏可能发生在$τ$对产生过程中，表示为电偶极矩，并在$tau$衰减过程中。假设在Tau Charm工厂可以观测到$10^{-19}$ e cm的电偶极矩和$10^{-3}$的CP/T破坏效应，我们研究了与产生$τ$扇区CP/T破坏有关的SM的所有可能扩展。并指出有几种模型有望产生这种CP/T破坏。对于这些模型，我们考虑了所有的理论和目前的实验约束，并发现存在一些参数空间，这将导致一个可测量的CP/T破坏。因此，我们认为Tau Charm工厂是发现$τ$扇区CP/T违反的一个有希望的地方。
In recent years charm physics has undergone a renaissance, one which has been catalysed by an unexpected and impressive set of experimental results from the $B$-factories, the Tevatron and LHCb. The existence of $D^0\bar{D}{}^0$ oscillations is now well established, and the recent discovery of $CP$ violation in $D^0$ decays has further renewed interest in the charm sector. In this article we review the current status of charm-mixing and $CP$-violation measurements, and assess their agreement with theoretical predictions within the Standard Model and beyond. We look forward to the great improve…
The mass spectrum and the two-body open-charm decays of the $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ charmonium states are studied with the coupled-channel effects taken into account. The coupled-channel-induced mixing effects among the excited vector charmonia are studied. Based on our calculations of the masses and the decay widths, we find that the tension between the observed properties of $Y(4260)/Y(4360)$ and their conventional charmonia interpretations could be softened.
The recent measurement of $ΔA_{CP}$ by the LHCb collaboration requires an ${\cal O}(10)$ enhancement coming from hadronic physics in order to be explained within the SM. We examine to what extent can NP models explain $ΔA_{CP}$ without such enhancements. We discuss the implications in terms of a low energy effective theory as well as in the context of several explicit NP models.
We study the $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetries and $CP$ violations in charm-baryon decays with neutral kaons in the final state. The $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetry can be used to search for two-body doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes of charm-baryon decays, with the one in $Λ^+_c\to pK^0_{S,L}$ as a promising observable. Besides, it is studied for a new $CP$-violation effect in these processes, induced by the interference between the Cabibbo-favored and doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes with the neutral kaon mixing. Once the new CP-violation effect is determined by experiments, the direct $CP$ asymmetry…
Pion emitting decays and radiative ones of D^{*+,0} and D_s^{*+} are studied. As the result, the full-width of D^{*0} is predicted, by assuming the isospin symmetry. In addition, the isospin non-conserving D_s^{*+} --> D_s^+ pi^0 decay is investigated under the assumption that it proceeds through the eta-pi^0 mixing.
The reported CP asymmetry in D->K^+K^- / pi^+pi^- is argued to be too large to naturally fit the SM. If so, a new source of CP violation is implied in the Delta C=1 sector with a milliweak strength. CP-odd interactions in the flavor-diagonal sector are strongly constrained by the EDMs placing severe limitations on the underlying theory. While the largest effects usually come from the New Physics energy scale, they are strongly model-dependent. Yet the interference of the CP-odd forces manifested in D decays with the conventional CP-even Delta C=1 weak interaction generates at the charm scale a…
We present a minimal extension of the Standard Model that can simultaneously account for the anomalies in semi-leptonic B meson decays and the muon g-2, give large CP violation in charm decays (up to the value recently measured by LHCb), and provide thermal-relic dark matter, while evading all constraints set by other flavour observables, LHC searches, and dark matter experiments. This is achieved by introducing only four new fields: a vectorlike quark, a vectorlike lepton, and two scalar fields (a singlet and a doublet) that mix due to the electroweak symmetry breaking and provide the dark ma…
We study the decay of the lightest neutral Higgs boson to a charm quark pair at full one-loop level in the MSSM with non-minimal quark flavour violation (QFV). In the numerical analysis we consider mixing between the second and the third squark generation and all relevant constraints from B meson data are taken into account. It is shown that the full one-loop corrected decay width can be quite sensitive to the MSSM QFV parameters due to large $\tilde c - \tilde t$ mixing and large trilinear couplings. After summarising the theoretical and experimental errors, we conclude that an observation of…
We find a new $CP$ violating effect in charmed hadron decays into neutral kaons, which is induced by the interference between the Cabibbo-favored and doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes with the $K^{0}-\overline K^{0}$ mixing. It is estimated to be of order of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$, much larger than the direct $CP$ asymmetry, but missed in the literature. To reveal this new $CP$ violation effect, we propose a new observable, the difference of the $CP$ asymmetries in the $D^{+}\to π^{+}K_S^0$ and $D_{s}^{+}\to K^{+} K_S^0$ modes. Once the new effect is determined by experiments, the direct $C…
We re-analyze the results of the searches for Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) by the CHARM experiment. We study HNL decay channel $N\to e^{+}e^{-}ν/μ^{+}μ^{-}ν$ and show that, in addition to the constraints on the HNL's mixings with $ν_e$ or $ν_μ$, the same data also implies limits on the HNLs that mix only with $ν_τ$ and have masses in the range $380 \text{ MeV}<m_{N}\lesssim 1.6\text{ GeV}$ - the region in the parameter space that was considered in the literature as a target for HNLs searches.
我回顾了几个涉及重强子CP破坏的问题。特别地，我讨论了（i）超子：衰变$Λ^0 \to p π^-$中的CP破坏，（ii）魅力：在SM之内和之外的D^0系统中的间接CP破坏，和（iii）美：在SM之外的中性B介子系统中的间接CP破坏。1996年8月在加拿大蒙特利尔举行的第二届超子、魅力和美强子国际会议上发表的演讲。
费米实验室的BTeV实验可以重建>10^9的粲衰变，比现存最大的样本高出三个数量级。该实验可能在Tevatron Run II期间运行。它将在魅力CP破坏、变味中性流和轻子数破坏衰变以及D0反D0混合等领域具有重要的新物理学意义，并且如果发生在标准模型预测的水平上，它可以在Cabibbo抑制的D衰变中观察到直接的CP破坏。
A method for measuring the average longitudinal polarization of the electron beam at an electron-positron collider operating near the $J/ψ$ resonance is proposed. The method utilizes the differential cross-section of $J/ψ\to [Λ\to pπ^-][\barΛ\to\bar{p}π^+]$ decay. It can be used to measure the average longitudinal polarization of electrons with the statistical precision better than $10^{-3}$ at a Super Charm-Tau factory operating at the luminosity of $10^{35}~\mathrm{cm}{}^{-2}\mathrm{s}{}^{-1}$. The method is discussed in the context of the weak mixing angle measurement in the same experiment…
We point out that the CP asymmetries in the decays $D^0\rightarrow K_{S} K^{*0}$ and $D^0\rightarrow K_{S} \overline{K}{}^{*0}$ are potential discovery channels for charm CP violation in the Standard Model. We stress that no flavor tagging is necessary, the untagged CP asymmetry $a_{CP}^{\mathrm{dir}}(D \to K_S K^{*0})$ is essentially equal to the tagged one, so that the untagged measurement comes with a significant statistical gain. Depending on the relevant strong phase, $\vert a_{CP}^{\text{dir, untag}}\vert$ can be as large as $0.003$. The CP asymmetry is dominantly generated by exchange d…
Since the discovery of CP violation more than 5 decades ago, this phenomenon is still attracting a lot of interest. Among the many fascinating aspects of this subject, this review is dedicated to direct CP violation in non-leptonic decays. The advances within the last decade have been enormous, driven by the increasingly large samples of b- and c-hadron decays, and have led to very interesting results such as large CP asymmetries in charmless B decays and the observation of direct CP violation in the charm sector. We address the quest for understanding the origin of strong phases, the importan…
We point out that in the Standard Model (SM) there is no explanation why $|V_{23}|^2 + |V_{13}|^2$ is of order $10^{-3}$. A framework is described for explaining this small mixing, involving the introduction of vector-like quarks. A symmetry is introduced so that at a first stage $V_{CKM} = 1\>\!\!\!\mathrm{I}$ and only the third generation of quarks acquires a mass. It is shown that when interactions of vector-like quarks are taken into account a realistic quark mass spectrum is generated together with a correct $V_{CKM}$ matrix.
CP violation (CPV) in the baryon sectors has not yet been established experimentally. In this work, we propose to search for the hyperon CPV through the Cabibbo-favored charm-baryon decaying processes involving a hyperon in the final states, such as $Λ_c^+\to Λ^0π^+, Λ^0\to pπ^-$. The CPV of the hyperon decays are purely revealed in these chain processes, since the CPV in the Cabibbo-favored charm decays are vanishing in the Standard Model (SM). The hyperons are polarized in the weak charm decays, so that we can measure the Lee-Yang asymmetric parameter $α$ by the angular distributions, and th…
There is growing evidence for deviation from the standard model predictions in the ratios between semi-tauonic and semi-leptonic $B$ decays, known as the $R(D^{(*)})$ puzzle. If the source of this non-universality is new physics, it is natural to assume that it also breaks CP symmetry. In this paper we study the possibility of measuring CP violation in semi-tauonic $B$ decays, exploiting interference between excited charm mesons. Given the current values of $R(D^{(*)})$, we find that our proposed CP-violation observable could be as large as about 10%. We discuss the experimental advantages of …
Quantitative understanding of CP violation is extremely important as naturalness reasoning strongly suggests that new physics should be accompanied by beyond the Standard Model CP-odd phases. In 2019 LHCb made the first $5 σ$ discovery of CP violation in the charm system, leading to the new world average $Δa_{CP}^{\mathrm{dir}} = -0.00161 \pm 0.00028$. While some calculations have found this observation as requiring new physics, we suggest that scalar resonances nearby to $m_{D^0}$, in particular, $f_0(1710)$ and/or $f_0(1790)$ cause enhancements for CP violation within the SM. Thereby, our ca…
