电波导产生的速度选择分子脉冲
Velocity-selected molecular pulses produced by an electric guide
摘要：
静电速度过滤是一种用于从热气体中产生慢极性分子的连续引导光束的技术。我们扩展了这项技术，以产生脉冲的慢分子与一个狭窄的速度分布在一个可调的速度。通过与以期望速度传播的分子同步地顺序切换电四极杆引导的相邻段上的电压来产生脉冲。该技术被证明为氘代氨（ND $_{3}$），提供脉冲的速度范围内的$20-100\,\rm{m/s}$和$(16\pm 2)\,%$在FWHM的相对速度扩展。在$60\,\rm{m/s}$附近的速度下，每个脉冲包含多达$10^6$分子。蒙特卡罗模拟的数据很好地再现，这提供了有用的洞察速度选择的机制。
英文摘要：
Electrostatic velocity filtering is a technique for the production of continuous guided beams of slow polar molecules from a thermal gas. We extended this technique to produce pulses of slow molecules with a narrow velocity distribution around a tunable velocity. The pulses are generated by sequentially switching the voltages on adjacent segments of an electric quadrupole guide synchronously with the molecules propagating at the desired velocity. This technique is demonstrated for deuterated ammonia (ND$_{3}$), delivering pulses with a velocity in the range of $20-100\,\rm{m/s}$ and a relative velocity spread of $(16\pm 2)\,%$ at FWHM. At velocities around $60\,\rm{m/s}$, the pulses contain up to $10^6$ molecules each. The data are well reproduced by Monte-Carlo simulations, which provide useful insight into the mechanisms of velocity selection.
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