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arXiv 1003.4293astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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类星体3C~454.3在电磁波谱上的耀斑行为

Flaring Behavior of the Quasar 3C~454.3 across the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Svetlana G. Jorstad, Alan P. Marscher, Valeri M. Larionov, Iván Agudo, Paul S. Smith, Mark Gurwell, Anne Lähteenmäki, Merja Tornikoski, Alex Markowitz, Arkadi A… 展开作者

Svetlana G. Jorstad, Alan P. Marscher, Valeri M. Larionov, Iván Agudo, Paul S. Smith, Mark Gurwell, Anne Lähteenmäki, Merja Tornikoski, Alex Markowitz, Arkadi A. Arkharov, Dmitry A. Blinov, Ritaban Chatterjee, Francesca D. D'Arcangelo, Abe D. Falcone, José L. Gómez, Vladimir A. Hagen-Thorn, Brendan Jordan, Givi N. Kimeridze, Tatiana S. Konstantinova, Evgenia N. Kopatskaya, Omar Kurtanidze, Elena G. Larionova, Liudmilla V. Larionova, Ian M. McHardy, Daria A. Melnichuk, Mar Roca-Sogorb, Gary D. Schmidt, Brian Skiff, Brian Taylor, Clemens Thum, Ivan S. Troitsky, Helmut Wiesemeyer

摘要:

我们分析了类星体3C~454.3在2005-2008年明显耀斑活动期间秒差距尺度喷流的行为。三个主要的扰动传播下来的射流沿不同的轨迹与洛伦兹因子$Γ>$ 10。这些扰动与2005年5月/6月、2007年7月和2007年12月的毫米波爆发有明显的联系。$R$波段光变曲线中的高振幅光学事件比毫米波爆发的峰值早15-50天。每次光学爆发都伴随着X射线活动的增加。我们将光学爆发与超光速节的传播联系起来,并导出了以辐射形式存在的能量耗散的位置。其中最突出和持续时间最长的一次发生在2005年5月,距离黑洞较近,而2005年秋季和2007年持续时间较短的爆发可能与通过喷流毫米波核心的扰动有关。光学爆发,这符合超光速无线电节点通过核心的通道,伴随着光学线偏振的位置角的系统旋转。这种旋转似乎是耀变体耀斑早期的一个共同特征。我们发现光学变化之间的相关性和那些在X射线和$γ$ -射线能量。我们的结论是,从核心的超光速结的出现产生了一系列的光学和高能量的爆发,毫米波核心位于射流的加速和准直区的末端。

英文摘要:

We analyze the behavior of the parsec-scale jet of the quasar 3C~454.3 during pronounced flaring activity in 2005-2008. Three major disturbances propagated down the jet along different trajectories with Lorentz factors $Γ>$10. The disturbances show a clear connection with millimeter-wave outbursts, in 2005 May/June, 2007 July, and 2007 December. High-amplitude optical events in the $R$-band light curve precede peaks of the millimeter-wave outbursts by 15-50 days. Each optical outburst is accompanied by an increase in X-ray activity. We associate the optical outbursts with propagation of the superluminal knots and derive the location of sites of energy dissipation in the form of radiation. The most prominent and long-lasting of these, in 2005 May, occurred closer to the black hole, while the outbursts with a shorter duration in 2005 Autumn and in 2007 might be connected with the passage of a disturbance through the millimeter-wave core of the jet. The optical outbursts, which coincide with the passage of superluminal radio knots through the core, are accompanied by systematic rotation of the position angle of optical linear polarization. Such rotation appears to be a common feature during the early stages of flares in blazars. We find correlations between optical variations and those at X-ray and $γ$-ray energies. We conclude that the emergence of a superluminal knot from the core yields a series of optical and high-energy outbursts, and that the mm-wave core lies at the end of the jet's acceleration and collimation zone.

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