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arXiv 1003.4239q-bio.PEphysics.bio-ph
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宿主形态的复杂性和各向异性使种群更安全地抵御流行病爆发

Complexity and anisotropy in host morphology make populations safer against epidemic outbreaks

Francisco J. Perez-Reche, Sergei N. Taraskin, Luciano da F. Costa, Franco M. Neri, Christopher A. Gilligan

摘要:

流行病学的挑战之一是,当感染在相邻宿主之间传播时,要考虑宿主的复杂形态结构,如植物根、农田、农场、细胞、动物栖息地和社交网络。形态的复杂性带来了一个固有的异质性种群,并影响在这样的系统中的病原体传播的动态。我们分析了现实中复杂的主机形态的影响阈值的入侵和流行病爆发的SIR(易感-感染-恢复)流行病学模型。我们发现,在宿主形态和各向异性中表达的无序降低了流行病爆发的概率,从而使系统更能抵抗流行病爆发。我们获得一般的分析估计最低限度的安全界限的入侵阈值,然后说明其有效性,考虑一个例子的主机数据分支主机(蝾螈视网膜神经节细胞)。几个空间安排的主机具有不同程度的异质性已被认为是为了分别分析形状复杂性和各向异性的主机人口的作用。入侵阈值的估计与宿主的形态特征有关,可用于确定实际应用中的入侵阈值。

英文摘要:

One of the challenges in epidemiology is to account for the complex morphological structure of hosts such as plant roots, crop fields, farms, cells, animal habitats and social networks, when the transmission of infection occurs between contiguous hosts. Morphological complexity brings an inherent heterogeneity in populations and affects the dynamics of pathogen spread in such systems. We have analysed the influence of realistically complex host morphology on the threshold for invasion and epidemic outbreak in an SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered) epidemiological model. We show that disorder expressed in the host morphology and anisotropy reduces the probability of epidemic outbreak and thus makes the system more resistant to epidemic outbreaks. We obtain general analytical estimates for minimally safe bounds for an invasion threshold and then illustrate their validity by considering an example of host data for branching hosts (salamander retinal ganglion cells). Several spatial arrangements of hosts with different degrees of heterogeneity have been considered in order to analyse separately the role of shape complexity and anisotropy in the host population. The estimates for invasion threshold are linked to morphological characteristics of the hosts that can be used for determining the threshold for invasion in practical applications.

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