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arXiv 1003.3941cond-mat.supr-con
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与直流SQUID相位量子比特耦合的二能级系统的多能级光谱

Multi-level Spectroscopy of Two-Level Systems Coupled to a dc SQUID Phase Qubit

T. A. Palomaki, S. K. Dutta, R. M. Lewis, A. J. Przybysz, Hanhee Paik, B. K. Cooper, H. Kwon, J. R. Anderson, C. J. Lobb, E. Tiesinga, F. C. Wellstood

摘要:

本文报道了用面积为16 μ \m 2的Al/AlOx/Al结耦合到dc SQUID相位量子比特的分立二能级系统的光谱测量结果。应用微波在10 GHz至11 GHz的范围内,我们发现8个避免的水平交叉分裂的大小从10 MHz到200 MHz和光谱寿命从4 ns到160 ns。假设跃迁是从复合系统的基态到量子比特的一个激发态或其中一个TLS态的一个激发态,我们拟合了位置和谱宽,得到了相位量子比特和TLS的能级、分裂大小和光谱相干时间。分裂的分布与隧道势垒中的随机位置之间的非相互作用的单个带电离子隧穿一致,并且寿命的分布与具有与频率无关的损耗角正切的结势垒中的AlOx一致。为了检查每个TLS的电荷独立地耦合到结两端的电压,我们还测量了20-22 GHz范围内的频谱,并发现由于结的第二激发态和结和TLS都被激发的状态而避免的倾斜能级交叉。

英文摘要:

We report spectroscopic measurements of discrete two-level systems (TLSs) coupled to a dc SQUID phase qubit with a 16 μ\m2 area Al/AlOx/Al junction. Applying microwaves in the 10 GHz to 11 GHz range, we found eight avoided level crossings with splitting sizes from 10 MHz to 200 MHz and spectroscopic lifetimes from 4 ns to 160 ns. Assuming the transitions are from the ground state of the composite system to an excited state of the qubit or an excited state of one of the TLS states, we fit the location and spectral width to get the energy levels, splitting sizes and spectroscopic coherence times of the phase qubit and TLSs. The distribution of splittings is consistent with non-interacting individual charged ions tunneling between random locations in the tunnel barrier and the distribution of lifetimes is consistent with the AlOx in the junction barrier having a frequency-independent loss tangent. To check that the charge of each TLS couples independently to the voltage across the junction, we also measured the spectrum in the 20-22 GHz range and found tilted avoided level crossings due to the second excited state of the junction and states in which both the junction and a TLS were excited.

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