The homogeneous entropy for continuous systems in nonextensive statistics reads $S^{H}_{q}=k_B\,{(1 - (K \int dΓρ^{1/q}(Γ))^{q})}/({1-q})$, where $Γ$ is the phase space variable. Optimization of $S^{H}_{q}$ combined with normalization and energy constraints gives an implicit expression of the distribution function $ρ(Γ)$ which can be computed explicitly for the ideal gas. From this result, we compute properties such as the energy fluctuations and the specific heat. Similar results are also presented using the formulation based on the Tsallis entropy. From the analysis, we discuss the validity of the application of the nonextensive formalism to continuous Hamiltonian systems which is found to be restricted to the range $q<1$, which renders problematic its applicability to the class of phenomena exhibiting power law decay.
The established technique of eliminating upper or lower parameters in a general hypergeometric series is profitably exploited to create pathways among confluent hypergeometric functions, binomial functions, Bessel functions, and exponential series. One such pathway, from the mathematical statistics point of view, results in distributions which naturally emerge within nonextensive statistical mechanics and Beck-Cohen superstatistics, as pursued in generalizations of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics.
We study the thermodynamic properties of solid and metal electrons in the nonextensive quantum statistics with a nonextensive parameter transformation. First we study the nonextensive grand canonical distribution function and the nonextensive quantum statistics with a parameter transformation. Then we derive the generalized Boson distribution and Fermi distribution in the nonextensive quantum statistics. Further we study the thermodynamic properties of solid and metal electrons in the nonextensive quantum system, including the generalized Debye models, the generalized internal energies, the ge…
The standard Potts model is investigated in the framework of nonextensive statistical mechanics. We performed Monte Carlo simulations on two-dimensional lattices with linear sizes ranging from 16 to 64 using the Metropolis algorithm, where the classical Boltzmann-Gibbs transition probabilities were modified for the nonextensive case. We found that the Potts model undergoes a phase transition in the nonextensive scenario. We established the order of the phase transition and we computed the critical temperature for different values of the Tsallis entropic index.
Nonextensive statistics is a formalism of statistical mechanics that describes the ocurrence of power-law distributions in complex systems, particularly the so-called $q$ exponential family of distributions. In this work we present the use of fluctuation theorems for $q$-canonical ensembles as a powerful tool to readily obtain statistical properties. In particular, we have obtained strong conditions for the possible values of $q$ depending on the density of states of the system.
The general formalism for the nonextensive statistics based on the Landsberg-Vedral entropy was derived. The formula for the first law of thermodynamics and the exact relations of the thermodynamic quantities to their ensemble averages were obtained. It was found that under the transformation $q\to 2-q$ the probabilities of microstates of the nonextensive statistics based on the Landsberg-Vedral entropy formally resemble the corresponding probabilities of the Tsallis statistics with escort probabilities. However, the nonextensive statistics with the Landsberg-Vedral entropy does not require in…
The incomplete nonextensive statistics in the canonical and microcanonical ensembles is explored in the general case and in a particular case for the ideal gas. By exact analytical results for the ideal gas it is shown that taking the thermodynamic limit, with $z=q/(1-q)$ being an extensive variable of state, the incomplete nonextensive statistics satisfies the requirements of equilibrium thermodynamics. The thermodynamical potential of the statistical ensemble is a homogeneous function of the first degree of the extensive variables of state. In this case, the incomplete nonextensive statistic…
Nonextensive statistics, characterized by a nonextensive parameter $q$, is a promising and practically useful generalization of the Boltzmann statistics to describe power-law behaviors from physical and social observations. We here explore the unevenness of the first digit distribution of nonextensive statistics analytically and numerically. We find that the first-digit distribution follows Benford's law and fluctuates slightly in a periodical manner with respect to the logarithm of the temperature. The fluctuation decreases when $q$ increases, and the result converges to Benford's law exactly…
We analyze the difference between the three generations of the energy constraint in nonextensive statistical mechanics. Using the third generation of the energy constraint, we revise the isothermal static linear response function and then derive the adiabatic static linear response function under the adiabatic condition. We present the relationship between the isothermal and adiabatic linear response functions.
We deal with the power-law q-distribution functions, so-called q-exponentials in nonextensive statistics. The system considered is a many-body Hamiltonian system with arbitrary interacting potentials. We find that the usual form of power-law q-distribution function employed in nonextensive statistics for the system may be not to stand by the probabilistically independent postulate and it only represents a dynamical isothermal situation. The probabilistically independent postulate is validated by the nonextensivity (or pseudoadditivity) in nonextensive statistics and thus the usual forms of pow…
Comment on ``Nonextensive hamiltonian systems follow Boltzmann's principle not Tsallis statistics-phase transition, second law of thermodynamics'' by Gross
We study the current density and transport coefficients in the fully ionized plasma with the q-distributions in nonextensive statistics and in strong magnetic field. By using the generalized Boltzmann transport equation in nonextensive statistics, we derive the current density and the expressions of the transport coefficients, including the conductivity, the thermoelectric coefficient, the Hall coefficient, and the Nernst coefficient. It is shown that these new transport coefficients has been generalized to the nonequilibrium complex plasmas with q-distributions in nonextensive statistics, whi…
We briefly review central concepts concerning nonextensive statistical mechanics, based on the nonadditive entropy $S_q=k\frac{1-\sum_{i}p_i^q}{q-1} (q \in {\cal R}; S_1=-k\sum_{i}p_i \ln p_i)$. Among others, we focus on possible realizations of the $q$-generalized Central Limit Theorem, including at the edge of chaos of the logistic map, and for quasi-stationary states of many-body long-range-interacting Hamiltonian systems.
We have used the generalized two-atom ideal gas model in Tsallis statistics for the statistical description of a real gas. By comparing the heat capacity with the experimental results for the two-atom molecule gases such as N2, O2 and CO, we find that these gases appear extensive at normal temperature, but they may be nonextensive at the lower temperature. Furthermore, we study the heat capacity of the generalized many-atom gas model. We conclude that, for the many-atom gas with a high degree of freedom, a weak nonextensivity of 1-q<0 can lead to the instability.
Gibbs-Boltzmann entropy leads to systems that have a strong dependence on initial conditions. In reality, most materials behave quite independently of initial conditions. Nonextensive entropy or Tsallis entropy leads to nonextensive statistical mechanics. In this paper, we calculate the Tsallis form of Clausius inequality and then determine the upper bound for extracting work from the small system in the nonextensive statistical mechanics with mutual information. In the following, we extract mutual information and adjust Maxwell's demon with quantum feedback control.
We study the effects of the environment described by the Tsallis nonextensive statistics on physical quantities using an optimization method in the case of small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics. The $x^4$ model is used and the density operator is restricted to be a gaussian form. The variational parameter is the frequency $Ω$ of a particle in the optimization method. We obtain an approximate expression of free energy and of the expectation value of $βm Ω^2 x^2 /2$, where $β$ is the inverse of the temperature and $m$ is the mass of a particle. Numerically, the optimized frequency …
By using the generalized Boltzmann equation of transport in nonextensive statistics, we study transport properties of the diffusion flux and the heat flux of charged particles in the weakly ionized plasma with the power-law q-distributions under the magnetic field. We derive the tensor expressions of diffusion coefficient, thermal diffusion coefficient, mobility and thermal conductivity of electrons and ions in the q-distributed plasma under magnetic field. We show that the tensors of the diffusion coefficient, the thermal diffusion coefficient and the thermal conductivity are strongly depend …
The thermal entanglement of the Hubbard dimer (two-site Hubbard model) has been studied with the nonextensive statistics. We have calculated the auto-correlation ($O_q$), pair correlation ($L_q$), concurrence ($Γ_q$) and conditional entropy ($R_q$) as functions of entropic index $q$ and the temperature $T$. The thermal entanglement is shown to considerably depend on the entropic index. For $q < 1.0$, the threshold temperature where $Γ_q$ vanishes or $R_q$ changes its sign is more increased and the entanglement may survive at higher temperatures than for $q=1.0$. Relations among $L_q$, $Γ_q$ an…
We investigate the influence of the nonextensive q-statistics and kinetic theory on galactic scales through the analysis of a devised sample of Spiral Rotation Curves. Largely supported by recent developments on the foundations of statistical mechanics and a plethora of astrophysical applications, the theory also provides an alternative interpretation to the empirical cored dark matter profiles observed in galaxies. We show that the observations could well be fitted with reasonable values for the mass model parameters, encouraging further investigation into q-statistcs on the distribution of d…
We obtain the specific heat in the third constraint scenario for a canonical ensemble of a nonextensive extreme relativistic ideal gas in a closed form. The canonical ensemble of N particles in D dimensions is well-defined for the choice of the deformation parameter in the range 0 < q < 1 + 1 / DN. For a relativistic ideal gas with particles of arbitrary mass a perturbative scheme in the nonextensivity parameter (1 - q) is developed by employing an infinite product expansion of the q-exponential, and a direct transformation of the internal energy from the second to the third constraint picture…
This is a note showing that, contrary to our lasting belief, the nonadditivity X(1+2)=X(1)+X(2)+αX(1)X(2) is not a true physical property. αin this expression cannot be unique for a given system. It unavoidably depends on how one mathematically divides the system and cannot be used to characterize nonadditivity. As a matter of fact, its use is mathematically inconsistent.
We study the diffusion and thermal conductivity of charged particles in the weakly ionized plasma with the power-law q-distributions in nonextensive statistics and without the magnetic field. Electrons and ions have different q-parameters and temperature. We derive new expressions of the diffusion, thermal diffusion, thermal conductivity and thermoelectric coefficients of electrons and ions respectively in the plasma. It is shown that these transport coefficients depend significantly on the q-parameters in the power-law q-distributed plasma and thus they have different properties from those de…
Herein, in the context of third version of nonextensive statistical mechanics, theory generalizing the Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon statistics, we displayed a solution for an anomaly found by calculating the internal energy for a composite A+B, of 2 spines 1/2, with additive Hamiltonian H= H_A+ H_B; specifically, the calculation of the internal energy in the full Hilbert space is different from the calculation done in the Hilbert subspaces, in other words, U_tot is different to U_A +U_B. We carry out analytical calculations (for 2 spins 1/2). The results exactly indicate that the alternative method…
We study the collision frequencies of particles in the weakly and highly ionized plasmas with the power-law q-distributions in nonextensive statistics. We derive the average collision frequencies of neutral-neutral particle, electron-neutral particle, ion-neutral particle, electron-electron, ion-ion and electron-ion, respectively, in the q-distributed plasmas. We show that the average collision frequencies depend strongly on the q-parameter in a complex form and thus their properties are significantly different from that in Maxwell-distributed plasmas. These new average collision frequencies a…
