Synthesis, electrical and magnetic characterization of superconducting FeSe0.85 compound is reported. An anomaly in the magnetization against temperature around 90K is observed. Magnetic characterization of a commercial compound with nominal FeSe stoichiometry is also presented. The overall magnetic behaviors as well as the magnetic anomaly in both compounds are discussed in terms of magnetic impurities and secondary phases. Keyword: A. Superconductors
We prepared superconducting and non-superconducting FeSe films on SrTiO3(001) substrates (FeSe/STO) and investigated the superconducting transition induced by charge transfer between organic molecules and FeSe layers by low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. At low coverage, donor- and acceptor-type molecules adsorbed preferentially on the non-superconducting and superconducting FeSe layers, respectively. Superconductivity was induced by donor molecules on non-superconducting FeSe layer, while the superconductivity was suppressed near acceptor molecules. The correspond…
Enhancements of superconducting properties were observed in FeSe wires using a quenching technique. Zero resistivity was achieved at about 10 K in quenched wires, which is about 2 K higher than that of polycrystalline FeSe bulk. Furthermore, transport Jc of quenched wires showed three times higher than that of furnace-cooled wires. In contrast, the quenched polycrystalline FeSe bulks did not show the enhancement of Tc. The quenching technique is a greatly promising for fabricating FeSe wires with high Tc and high Jc, and quenched FeSe wires have high potential for superconducting wire applicat…
Iron selenide (FeSe) is an iron-based superconductor which shows unique properties, including strongly anisotropic superconducting gap, paramagnetism in undoped compound and extremely small Fermi pocket size. In this work, we demonstrate that the sizes of electron and hole pockets in FeSe monolayer become much smaller than those in bulk. The Fermi energy is in the order of a few meV and can be fine-tuned by the thickness of graphene layers underneath. Despite the low carrier density, the FeSe monolayers grown on trilayer or multi-layer graphene are superconducting. The superconducting gap size…
Single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction as a function of temperature and pressure has revealed a complex biphase mixture in superconducting FeSe. Based on our experimental results we construct a phase diagram where structural behavior and superconducting properties of FeSe are found to be correlated. We show that below 6 GPa, where pressure promotes the superconducting critical temperature, the FeSe structure is composed of 2D layers of edge-shared FeSe4 tetrahedra, while above 6 GPa the superconductivity is strongly suppressed on formation of a new orthorhombic polymorph characterized by…
High-quality FeSe tapes have been prepared by using a diffusion method. By adjusting the reaction temperature and the thickness systematically, a transport critical current density as high as 600 A/cm2 at 4.2 K under self field is achieved. Magneto-optical images indicate considerable distribution of Tc and weak-link features in the FeSe tape. This study gives some insight into how to improve the quality and performance of FeSe tapes and other superconducting tapes prepared through diffusion method further.
We investigated the microwave conductivity spectrum of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ epitaxial films on CaF$_2$ in the vicinity of the superconducting transition. We observed the critical behavior of the superconducting fluctuations in these films with a dimensional crossover from two-dimensional to three-dimensional as the film thickness increased. From the temperature dependence of the scaling parameters we conclude that the universality class of the superconducting transition in FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ is that of the 3D-XY model. The lower limit of the onset temperature of the superconducting fluct…
Superconducting FeSe in the form of wires and tapes were successfully fabricated using a novel gas diffusion procedure. Structural analysis by mean of x-ray diffraction shows that themain phase of tetragonal PbO-type FeSe was obtained by this synthesis method. The zero resistivity transition temperature of the FeSe was confirmed to be 9.3 K. The critical current density as high as 137 A/cm^2 (4 K, self field) has been observed. The results suggest that the diffusion procedure is promising in preparing high-quality FeSe wires and tapes.
This work reports studies performed in the superconducting compound FeSe0:5Te0:5 under high pressure. Changes were observed in the transition temperature, superconducting critical fields,anomalous variations in the Meissner fraction, and in Ginzburg Landau parameters. The superconducting properties were calculated and compared using the Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenber approximation and Ginzburg-Landau theory. Hydrostatic pressure was produced from atmospheric to 823 MPa, the increment in the critical temperature was from 14.45 to 20.5 K at a rate of change about 0.0069 K/MPa.
We have successfully synthesized FeSe films by the electrochemical deposition in the electrolyte containing FeCl_{2}\cdot4H_{2}O, SeO_{2} and Na_{2}SO_{4}. The composition ratio of Fe and Se was controlled by the synthesis voltage and pH value. The FeSe film with the composition ratio of Fe : Se = 1 : 1 is fabricated at a voltage of -0.9 V and pH 2.1 in our electrochemical deposition. This sample has a highly crystalline tetragonal FeSe structure and exhibits a superconducting transition at 8.1 K, comparable to FeSe synthesized by other methods.
The presumably unconventional superconductor Beta-FeSe was deposited by radio frequency sputtering and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) from two elementary sources. Superconducting thin films were grown in (001)-orientation on MgO(100) and YAlO3(010) substrates. The morphology of the samples was studied and directly related to the superconducting properties of the Beta-FeSe thin films. The MBE grown thin films show microcracks down to the substrate and a roughness of about 100~nm. In contrast, sputter deposited superconducting thin films show a smooth surface with almost no precipitates. In both c…
We report on a detailed investigation of the electronic phase diagram of FeSe_1-x under pressures up to 1.4GPa by means of AC magnetization and muon-spin rotation. At a pressure \simeq0.8GPa the non-magnetic and superconducting FeSe_1-x enters a region where long range static magnetic order is realized above T_c and bulk superconductivity coexists and competes on short length scales with the magnetic order below T_c. For even higher pressures an enhancement of both the magnetic and the superconducting transition temperatures as well as of the corresponding order parameters is observed. These e…
We report successful fabrication of multi- and mono-core FeSe wires with high transport critical current density Jc using a simple in-situ Fe-diffusion process based on the powder-in-tube (Fe-diffusion PIT) method. The seven-core wire showed transport Jc of as high as 1027 A/cm2 at 4.2 K. The superconducting transition temperature Tczero was observed at 10.5 K in the wire-samples, which is about 2 K higher than that of bulk FeSe. The Fe-diffusion PIT method is suitable for fabricating multi-core wires of the binary FeSe superconductors with superior properties.
Solvothermal intercalation of ethylenediamine molecules into FeSe separates the layers by 1078 pm and creates a different stacking. FeSe(en)0.3 is not superconducting although each layer exhibits the stripe-type crystal structure and the Fermi surface topology of superconducting FeSe. FeSe(en)0.3 requires electron-doping for high-Tc similar to monolayers of FeSe@SrTiO3, whose much higher Tc may arise from the proximity of the oxide surface.
We report comprehensive angle-resolved photoemission investigations on the electronic structure of single crystal multiple-layer FeSe films grown on CaF2 substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. Measurements on FeSe/CaF2 samples with different superconducting transition temperatures Tc of 4 K, 9 K and 14 K reveal electronic difference in their Fermi surface and band structure. Indication of the nematic phase transition is observed from temperature-dependent measurements of these samples; the nematic transition temperature is 140-160 K, much higher than 90 K for the bulk FeSe. Potassi…
Planar tunneling junctions of the presumably unconventional superconductor FeSe were prepared and investigated. The junctions consisted of FeSe/AlOx/Ag multilayers patterned lithographically into mesa structures. Bias voltage dependent differential conductivities dI/dV(V) of junctions in the tunneling, intermediate barrier strength, and metallic regimes were investigated. Depending on the barrier type between two and four features of the conductivity were obtained, which are discussed in the framework of multiple superconducting energy gaps. Specifically we reproduced with all barrier types an…
In order to investigate the effects of in-plane strain on the superconductivity of FeSe, epitaxial thin films of FeSe were fabricated on CaF$_2$ substrates. The films are compressed along the a-axis and their superconducting transition temperatures $T_{\mathrm c}^{\mathrm {zero}}$ reach 11.4 K, which is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of bulk crystals. The $T_{\mathrm c}$ values are weakly dependent on the ratio of the lattice constants, $c$ / $a$, compared to that of Fe(Se,Te). Our results indicate that even a binary system FeSe has room for improvement, and will open a new route for…
We present a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the superconducting gap in FeSe. The gap function is determined in a full Brillouin zone including all Fermi surfaces and kz-dependence. We find significant anisotropy of the superconducting gap in all momentum directions. While the in-plane anisotropy can be explained by both, nematicity-induced pairing anisotropy and orbital-selective pairing, the kz-anisotropy requires additional refinement of theoretical approaches.
The transition from insulator to superconductor was achieved in the non-superconducting FeSe ultrathin film via simple Mg coating technique in present work. It was found that in non-superconducting FeSe ultrathin film without Mg coating, insulating \b{eta}-Fe1-xSe phase with iron-vacancy disorders is the main phase and more likely to be the parent phase of FeSe superconducting system. Proper Mg coating on the surface of FeSe films can lead to Mg entering FeSe crystal lattice to fill up these Fe vacancies rather than replace Fe. Simultaneously, additional electron doping is introduced and the e…
We investigated the magnetization and crystal structure of FeSe polycrystalline samples with various grain sizes. For the samples with large grains, a large magnetic critical current density Jc was observed. For the samples with small grains, superconductivity signals were not observed; instead, magnetization hysteresis, which is not a result of superconductivity, was observed. In the X-ray diffraction pattern for the samples with small grains, broad additional peaks were observed, corresponding to the formation of the non-superconducting (monoclinic) Fe-Se phase at the FeSe grain surface. The…
Synthesis of monolayer FeSe on SrTiO3, with greatly enhanced superconductivity compared to bulk FeSe, remains difficult. Lengthy annealing within a certain temperature window is always required to achieve superconducting samples as reported by different groups around the world, but the mechanism of annealing in inducing superconductivity has not been elucidated. We grow FeSe films on SrTiO3 by molecular beam epitaxy and adjust the stoichiometry by depositing additional small amounts of Fe atoms. The monolayer films become superconducting after the Fe deposition without any annealing, and show …
A flux-free solution to the growth of large and composition homogeneous superconducting FeSe crystal is reported for the first time, which is based on the traveling-solvent floating-zone technique. The size of the crystal samples prepared by this approach is up to 15x6x2 mm3, being far bigger than previously reported in all dimensions, and the main phase of the crystals is of a single preferred orientation along the tetragonal (101) plane. X-ray diffraction analysis identifies the main phase to be the superconducting tetragonal \b{eta}-FeSe. The superconducting transition temperature (TC) is d…
Point contact Andreev reflection studies have been conducted on FeSe single crystals by lowering the temperatures down to 0.5 K. The point contact Andreev reflection spectra were analyzed in the framework of the two-band model. As a result, the presence of two anisotropic superconducting gaps in FeSe were certainly established and their BCS-like temperature dependencies were obtained. The weights of each gap have been determined and the anisotropy parameter has been calculated. It is shown, that sub-kelvin temperatures are necessary to ascertain details of the superconducting gap structure, es…
Temperature (12K $\le$ T $\le$ 300K) dependent extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies at the Fe K edge in FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$ (x = 0, 0.5 and 1.0) compounds have been carried out to understand the reasons for increase in T$_C$ upon Te doping in FeSe. While local distortions are present near superconducting onset in FeSe and FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$, they seem to be absent in non superconducting FeTe. Of crucial importance is the variation of anion height. In FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$, near superconducting onset, the two heights, $h_{Fe-Se}$ and $h_{Fe-Te}$ show a nearly opposite be…
The microscopic mechanism governing the zero-resistance flow of current in some iron-based, high-temperature superconducting materials is not well understood up to now. A central issue concerning the investigation of these materials is their superconducting gap symmetry and structure. Here we present a combined study of low-temperature specific heat and scanning tunnelling microscopy measurements on single crystalline FeSe. The results reveal the existence of at least two superconducting gaps which can be represented by a phenomenological two-band model. The analysis of the specific heat sugge…
Our recent year's studies of the prototypal FeSe and molecule-intercalated (Li,Fe)OHFeSe superconductor systems are briefly reviewed here, with emphasis on experimental observations of the link between the superconductivity and normal-state electronic property in the single crystals and films. These samples were successfully synthesized by our recently developed soft-chemical hydrothermal methods, which are also briefly described. Particularly in the Mn-doped high-Tc (Li,Fe)OHFeSe film, a strong enhancement of the superconducting critical current density was achieved, which is promising for pr…
We report the successful growth of epitaxial thin films of FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ with $x \leq 0.43$ via pulsed laser deposition. As S content increases, the nematic transition temperature, $T_{\mathrm s}$, decreases systematically and the superconducting transition temperature, $T_{\mathrm c}$, shows a gradual decrease even when $x$ exceeds the nematic end point (NEP), similar to bulk samples. A new kink anomaly was observed in the $ρ$-$T$ curves for films with large $x$, which is likely due to a magnetic transition. The obtained phase diagram of FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ thin films is in contrast to that…
Using the self-consistent approximation we calculate conductivity in an anisotropic heterogeneous media with superconducting inclusions and compare the results with those obtained previously using the Maxwell approximation and with available experimental data on excess conductivity above $ T_c= $~8K in FeSe. Advantages and drawbacks of these two approximations are discussed. The obtained analytical formulas can be applied to various other anisotropic heterogeneous superconductors, including high-Tc layered superconductors.
To study the microscopic electronic and magnetic interactions in the substoichiometric iron chalcogenide FeSe$_{1-x}$ which is observed to superconduct at x~1/8 up to $T_c$=27 K, we use first principles methods to study the Se vacancy in this nearly magnetic FeSe system. The vacancy forms a ferrimagnetic cluster of eight Fe atoms, which for the ordered x=1/8 alloy leads to half metallic conduction. Similar magnetic clusters are obtained for FeTe$_{1-x}$ and for BaFe$_2$As$_2$ with an As vacancy, although neither of these are half metallic. Based on fixed spin density results, we suggest the lo…
Effect of atomic disordering induced by irradiation with fast neutrons on the properties of the normal and superconducting states of polycrystalline samples FeSe has been studied. The irradiation with fast neutrons of fluencies up to 1.25\cdot10^20 cm^-2 at the irradiation temperature Tirr ~ 50 \degree C results in relatively small changes in the temperature of the superconducting transition T_c and electrical resistivity Rho_25. Such a behavior is considered to be traceable to rather low, with respect to that possible at a given irradiation temperature, concentration of radiation defects, whi…
We have investigated the crystal structures and superconducting properties of thin films of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ grown on eight different substrates. Superconductivity is not correlated with the lattice mismatch; rather it is correlated with the degree of in-plane orientation and with the lattice parameter ratio $c/a$. The best superconducting properties were observed in films on MgO and LaAlO$_3$ ($T_\mathrm{c}^\mathrm{zero}$ of 9.5 K). TEM observation showed that the presence or absence of an amorphous-like layer at the substrate surface plays a key role in determining the structural and s…
We report on structural, susceptibility, conductivity, and heat-capacity studies of FeSe0.5Te0.5 single crystals with 2% substitution of Mn for Fe. Mn-doped samples show a higher onset temperature, a narrower width of the superconducting transition, and a higher magnitude of the jump in the specific heat at Tc in compared to undoped samples. From the resistivity data in magnetic fields parallel to the c axis we derived an upper critical field Hc2 of ~580 kOe for doped samples compared to 490 kOe for pure samples. Using a single-band BCS model we can describe the electronic specific heat in the…
We investigated the influence of different Ag additions (up to 10 wt %) on the superconducting properties of FeSe0.94. The structural investigations (XRD and SEM) indicated that Ag is present in three different forms. Ag at grain boundaries supports the excellent intergrain connections and reduces superconducting transition width to values smaller than 1K at B=0 and smaller than 2.74 K at B=14 T. Ag insertion in the crystal lattice unit cell provides additional carriers and changes the electron hole imbalance in FeSe0.94. This results in an increase in the magnetoresistive effect (MR) and crit…
We present direct measurements of the superconducting order parameter in nearly optimal FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ single crystals with critical temperature $T_C \approx 14$ K. Using intrinsic multiple Andreev reflection effect (IMARE) spectroscopy and measurements of lower critical field, we directly determined two superconducting gaps, $Δ_L \approx 3.3 - 3.4$ meV and $Δ_S \approx 1$ meV, and their temperature dependences. We show that a two-band model fits well the experimental data. The estimated electron-boson coupling constants indicate a strong intraband and a moderate interband interaction.
We have synthesized a Ba-doped FeSe superconductor using liquid ammonia, and investigated in detail the structure and composition of the Ba-FeSe phase. In the superconducting phase, both the Tc and the shielding fraction are almost unchanged even if the nominal composition of Ba is varied in the region from 0.3 to 0.7. The optimized Tc is 38.8 K. We have determined the structure of the superconducting phase with X-ray powder diffraction (using synchrotron radiation) and here describe the co-intercalation of Ba and NH3 molecules between the FeSe layers.
We have performed soft x-ray and ultrahigh-resolution laser-excited photoemission measurements on tetragonal FeSe, which was recently identified as a superconductor. Energy dependent study of valence band is compared to band structure calculations and yields a reasonable assignment of partial densities of states. However, the sharp peak near the Fermi level slightly deviates from the calculated energy position, giving rise to the necessity of self-energy correction. We have also performed ultrahigh-resolution laser photoemission experiment on FeSe and observed the suppression of intensity arou…
Epitaxial Fe(Se,Te) thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition on (La0.18Sr0.82)(Al0.59Ta0.41)O3 (LSAT), CaF2-buffered LSAT and bare CaF2 substrates, which exhibit an almost identical in-plane lattice parameter. The composition of all Fe(Se,Te) films were determined to be FeSe0.7Te0.3 by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, irrespective of the substrate. Albeit the lattice parameters of all templates have comparable values, the in-plane lattice parameter of the FeSe0.7Te0.3 films varies significantly. We found that the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of FeSe0.7Te0.3 thin …
We have used polarized-neutron inelastic scattering to resolve the spin fluctuations in superconducting FeSe0.5Te0.5 into components parallel and perpendicular to the layers. A spin resonance at an energy of 6.5 meV is observed to develop below T_c in both fluctuation components. The resonance peak is anisotropic, with the in-plane component slightly larger than the out-of-plane component. Away from the resonance peak the magnetic fluctuations are isotropic in the energy range studied. The results are consistent with a dominant singlet pairing state with s^{\pm} symmetry, with a possible minor…
Recent reports of interface-induced superconductivity in the unit-cell films of FeSe on SrTiO3 with a Tc up to ~ 65+-5 K, highest among the Fe-based superconductors and second only to that of the cuprates, have generated great excitement. Here we show results of the first magnetic and resistive investigation on the 1-4 unit-cell FeSe-films on SrTiO3. The samples display the Meissner state below ~ 20 K with a penetration field as low as 0.1 Oe due to large edge effect at 2 K, a mesoscopic superconducting state comprising patches of dimension < 1 micrometer up to 45~55 K and an unusual relaxatio…
We report the superconductivity evolution of one unit cell (1-UC) and 2-UC FeSe films on SrTiO3(001) substrates with potassium (K) adsorption. By in situ scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurement, we find that the superconductivity in 1-UC FeSe films is continuously suppressed with increasing K coverage, whereas non-superconducting 2-UC FeSe films become superconducting with a gap of ~17 meV or ~11 meV depending on whether the underlying 1-UC films are superconducting or not. This work explicitly reveals that the interface electron-phonon coupling is strongly related to the charge transfer a…
In this paper, pressure effect on superconductivity and magnetism has been investigated in FeSex (x = 0.80, 0.88). The magnetization curves display anomaly at Ts1 106 K and Ts2 78 K except for the superconducting diamagnetic transition around Tc 8 K. The magnetic anomaly at Ts1 and Ts2 can be related to a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic phase transition, respectively, as revealed by specific heat measurements. The application of pressure not only raises Tc, but also increases both Ts1 and Ts2. This system shows clear evidence that superconductivity arises in a phase with strong magnetic…
We investigate the local density of states in the vicinity of a native dumbbell defect arising from an Fe vacancy in FeSe single crystals. The tunneling spectra close to the impurity display two bound states inside the superconducting gap, equally spaced with respect to zero energy but asymmetric in amplitude. Using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations on realistic slab models with Fe vacancy, we show that such a defect does not induce a local magnetic moment. Therefore, the dumbbell defect is considered as non-magnetic. Thus, the in-gap bound states emerging from a non-…
Tetragonal iron selenide, FeSe, the layered parent compound of the recently discovered superconducting arsenide family, has previously been shown to be non magnetic and superconducting with a critical temperature near 8 K. There has, however, been a lack of consensus as to whether selenium vacancies present due to large deviations from ideal stoichiometry are required to give rise to the superconductivity. Here we describe the results of experiments that demonstrate simply that superconducting iron selenide can only be synthesized as a pure material when near stoichiometric (i.e. FeSe). Signif…
The high upper critical field characteristic of the recently discovered iron-based superconducting chalcogenides opens the possibility of developing a new type of non-oxide high-field superconducting wires. In this work, we utilize a buffered metal template on which we grow a textured FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ layer, an approach developed originally for high temperature superconducting coated conductors. These tapes carry high critical current densities (>1$\times10^{4}$A/cm$^{2}$) at about 4.2K under magnetic field as high as 25 T, which are nearly isotropic to the field direction. This demonstr…
The results of the comprehensive ultrasonic research of high quality single crystals of FeSe are presented. Absolute values of sound velocities and their temperature dependences were measured; elastic constants and Debye temperature were calculated. The elastic C11-C12 and C11 constants undergo significant softening under the structural tetra-ortho transformation. The significant influence of the superconducting transition on the velocity and attenuation of sound was revealed and the value of the superconducting energy gap was estimated.
We report on the emergence of two disconnected superconducting domes in alkali-metal potassium (K)-doped FeSe ultra-thin films grown on graphitized SiC(0001). The superconductivity exhibits hypersensitivity to K dosage in the lower-Tc dome, whereas in the heavily electron-doped higher-Tc dome it becomes spatially homogeneous and robust against disorder, supportive of a conventional Cooper-pairing mechanism. Furthermore, the heavily K-doped multilayer FeSe films all reveal a large superconducting gap of ~ 14 meV, irrespective of film thickness, verifying the higher-Tc superconductivity only in …
We investigated the superconducting fluctuation in FeSe, which is assumed to be located in the BCS--BEC crossover region, via magnetic torque measurements. In our method, the absolute cantilever displacement is measured by detecting the interference intensity of the Fabry--Perot cavity formed between the cantilever and optical fiber. Our findings are totally different from the results of the previous torque magnetometry using a piezoresistive cantilever; the "giant" fluctuation diamagnetism related to the BCS--BEC crossover does not exist. Instead, a considerably smaller fluctuation signal ori…
The tetragonal FeSe phase is an intensively investigated iron based superconductor. In this study we examined the influence of Ag addition on the superconducting properties of selenium deficient polycrystalline FeSe0.94. The samples were obtained by solid state reaction and melting methods. XRD analysis shows the presence of tetragonal phase and EDX analysis establishes inhomogeneous Ag distribution in the grains. The superconducting properties were investigated by fundamental and third harmonic AC magnetic susceptibility. The intergranular critical current determined from AC magnetic suscepti…
In this study, we investigated the gate voltage dependence of $T_{\mathrm c}$ in electrochemically etched FeSe films with an electric-double layer transistor structure. The $T_{\mathrm c}^{\mathrm {zero}}$ value of the etched FeSe films with a lower gate voltage ($V_{\mathrm g}$ = 2.5 and 3.3 V) reaches 46 K, which is the highest value among almost all reported values from the resistivity measurements except for the data by Ge et al. This enhanced $T_{\mathrm c}$ remains unchanged even after the discharge process, unlike the results for electrostatic doping without an etching process. Our resu…
Tetragonal beta-FeSe obtained by hydrothermal reaction is not superconducting and transforms to a triclinic structure at 60 K unlike superconducting FeSe from solid state synthesis, which becomes orthorhombic at 90 K. In contrast, tetragonal iron sulphide FeS from hydrothermal synthesis is superconducting at 4.8 K but undergoes no structural transition. Our results suggest that the absence of superconductivity in hydrothermally synthesized FeSe may be associated to the low-temperature structure with zigzag chains of iron atoms, which is different from the known orthorhombic Cmme structure of s…
The Fe isotope effect (Fe-IE) on the transition temperature T_c and the crystal structure was studied in the Fe chalcogenide superconductor FeSe_1-x by means of magnetization and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). The substitution of natural Fe (containing \simeq 92% of ^{56}Fe) by its lighter ^{54}Fe isotope leads to a shift of T_c of 0.22(5)K corresponding to an Fe-IE exponent of α_Fe=0.81(15). Simultaneously, a small structural change with isotope substitution is observed by NDP which may contribute to the total Fe isotope shift of T_c.
We investigate the electronic reconstruction across the tetragonal-orthorhombic structural transition in FeSe by employing polarization-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on detwinned single crystals. Across the structural transition, the electronic structures around the G and M points are modified from four-fold to two-fold symmetry due to the lifting of degeneracy in dxz/dyz orbitals. The dxz band shifts upward at the G point while it moves downward at the M point, suggesting that the electronic structure of orthorhombic FeSe is characterized by a momentum-dependent …
Determination of the properties of a superconducting single crystal FeSe using an EPR spectroscopy
B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine（乌克兰国家科学院维尔金低温物理与工程学院）；Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences（捷克科学院物理研究所）
We performed $^{77}$Se-NMR measurements on FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$, ($x$ = 0.12) up to 3.0 GPa at an applied magnetic field of 6.02 T, and found that the superconducting (SC) phase exhibits a remarkable double-dome structure in the pressure($P$)-temperature($T$) phase diagram which is hidden at 0 T. From the relaxation rate $1/T_1$ divided by $T$, $1/T_1T$, a Lifshitz transition may occur at 1.0 GPa, and the dominant nesting vector could change due to topological changes in Fermi surfaces. In other words, two types of antiferromagnetic (AFM) fluctuations would exist in the $P-T$ phase diagram. We co…
In the iron based superconductors, one of the on-going frontier studies is about the pairing mechanism. The recent interest concerns the high temperature superconductivity and its intimate reason in the monolayer FeSe thin films. The challenge here is how the double superconducting gaps seen by the scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS) associate however to only one set of Fermi pockets seen by the angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The recently discovered (Li1-xFexOH)FeSe phase with Tc=40 K provides a good platform to check the fundamental problems. Here we report the STS stud…
We have performed a low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study of the iron chalcogenide superconductor FeSe_{0.4}Te_{0.6} with T_{C}~14 K. Spatially resolved measurements of the superconducting gap reveal substantial inhomogeneity on a nanometer length scale. Analysis of the structure of the gap seen in tunneling spectra by comparison with calculated spectra for different superconducting order parameters (s-wave, d-wave, and anisotropic s-wave) yields the best agreement for an order parameter with anisotropic s-wave symmetry with an anisotropy of ~40%. The temperature…
Neutron scattering is used to probe magnetic excitations in FeSe_{0.4}Te_{0.6} (T_c=14 K). Low energy spin fluctuations are found with a characteristic wave vector $(0.5,0.5,L)$ that corresponds to Fermi surface nesting and differs from Q_m=(δ,0,0.5) for magnetic ordering in Fe_{1+y}Te. A spin resonance with \hbarΩ_0=6.5 meV \approx 5.3 k_BT_c and \hbarΓ=1.25 meV develops in the superconducting state from a normal state continuum. We show that the resonance is consistent with a bound state associated with s+/- superconductivity and imperfect quasi-2D Fermi surface nesting.
The local electronic and magnetic properties of superconducting FeSe have been investigated by K$β$ x-ray emission (XES) and simultaneous x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Fe K-edge at high pressure and low temperature. Our results indicate a sluggish decrease of the local Fe spin moment under pressure up to 7~GPa, in line with previous reports, followed by a sudden increase at higher pressure which has been hitherto unobserved. The magnetic surge is preceded by an abrupt change of the Fe local structure as observed by the decrease of the XAS pre-edge region intensity and corroborated…
We demonstrate the successful fabrication on CaF$_2$ substrates of FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$ films with $0 \le x \le 1$, including the region of $0.1 \le x \le 0.4$, which is well known to be the "phase-separation region", via pulsed laser deposition which is a thermodynamically non-equilibrium method. In the resulting films, we observe a giant enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature, $T_\mathrm{c}$, in the region of $0.1 \le x \le 0.4$: the maximum value reaches 23 K, which is approximately 1.5 times as large as the values reported for bulk samples of FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$. We pre…
We report the phase diagram for the superconducting system (${^{7}}$Li${_{1-x}}$Fe${_{x}}$OD)FeSe and contrast it with that of (Li${_{1-x}}$Fe${_{x}}$OH)FeSe both in single crystal and powder forms. Samples were prepared via hydrothermal methods and characterized with laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, high-resolution neutron powder diffraction (NPD), and high intensity NPD. We find a correlation between the tetragonality of the unit cell parameters and the critical temperature, $T_{c}$, which is indicative of the effects of charge doping on the lattice and formation of iron vacanci…
