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arXiv 1003.0658astro-ph.SR
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巨蟹座HM 5.4分钟轨道周期的光谱学证据

Spectroscopic Evidence for a 5.4-Minute Orbital Period in HM Cancri

G. H. A. Roelofs, A. Rau, T. R. Marsh, D. Steeghs, P. J. Groot, G. Nelemans

摘要:

巨蟹座HM是一颗候选的超紧凑双星白矮星,其视轨道周期只有5.4分钟,这是由X射线和光学光变曲线对该周期的调制以及缺乏更长周期的变化所证明的。在这封信中,我们提出了一种新的光谱仪,它显示了氦发射线在径向速度和振幅上的5.4分钟的周期上的明显调制,而不是其他的。这些数据强烈地表明,该双星从较冷、质量较小的恒星的辐射面发射He I 4471,从质量较大的恒星周围的环发射He II 4686。从它们的相对径向速度,我们测量到质量比q=0.50+/-0.13。我们的结论是,所观察到的5.4分钟的周期几乎可以肯定代表了相互作用的双白矮星的轨道周期。因此,我们确认HM Cnc是已知的最短周期的双星:恒星演化理论的独特测试,以及激光干涉仪空间天线(LISA)的最强引力波的已知来源之一。

英文摘要:

HM Cancri is a candidate ultracompact binary white dwarf with an apparent orbital period of only 5.4 minutes, as suggested by X-ray and optical light-curve modulations on that period, and by the absence of longer-period variability. In this Letter we present Keck-I spectroscopy which shows clear modulation of the helium emission lines in both radial velocity and amplitude on the 5.4-minute period and no other. The data strongly suggest that the binary is emitting He I 4471 from the irradiated face of the cooler, less massive star, and He II 4686 from a ring around the more massive star. From their relative radial velocities, we measure a mass ratio q=0.50+/-0.13. We conclude that the observed 5.4-minute period almost certainly represents the orbital period of an interacting binary white dwarf. We thus confirm that HM Cnc is the shortest-period binary star known: a unique test for stellar evolution theory, and one of the strongest known sources of gravitational waves for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).

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