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arXiv 1003.0336astro-ph.CO
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来自模拟和强子模型的射电晕II:射电晕的标度关系

Radio Halos From Simulations And Hadronic Models II: The Scaling Relations of Radio Halos

J. Donnert, K. Dolag, R. Cassano, G. Brunetti

摘要:

我们使用的结果从一个约束,宇宙学MHD模拟的本地宇宙预测无线电晕和它们的演化体积有限的一组星系团,并比较目前的观测。星团内部的模拟磁场是它们内部湍流放大的结果,磁性种子来自恒星爆发驱动的星系外流。我们评估三种模型,在那里我们选择不同的标准化的宇宙射线质子人口集群内。与我们之前对后发座星系团的分析(Donnert et al. 2010)类似,即使宇宙射线质子群中的能量分数径向增加,观测到的射电晕的径向轮廓和形态特征也无法重现。X射线光度和射电功率之间的标度关系可以被所有模型再现,但是所有模型都不能预测没有射电发射的星系团。此外,在所有模型中,我们最大的星系团的演化轨迹都未能再现观测到的射电光度双峰。这提供了额外的证据,强子,次级模型的框架是不赞成再现大规模的弥漫性无线电发射的星系团。我们还提供了预测的不可避免的发射$γ$ -射线的强子模型的完整的集群集。这些次级模型中没有一个被观测到的$γ$射线发射的极限所排除,强调大尺度漫射射电发射是限制星系团中宇宙射线质子数量的有力工具。

英文摘要:

We use results from a constrained, cosmological MHD simulation of the Local Universe to predict radio halos and their evolution for a volume limited set of galaxy clusters and compare to current observations. The simulated magnetic field inside the clusters is a result of turbulent amplification within them, with the magnetic seed originating from star-burst driven, galactic outflows. We evaluate three models, where we choose different normalizations for the Cosmic Ray proton population within clusters. Similar to our previous analysis of the Coma cluster (Donnert et al. 2010), the radial profile and the morphological properties of observed radio halos can not be reproduced, even with a radially increasing energy fraction within the cosmic ray proton population. Scaling relations between X-ray luminosity and radio power can be reproduced by all models, however all models fail in the prediction of clusters with no radio emission. Also the evolutionary tracks of our largest clusters in all models fail to reproduce the observed bi-modality in radio luminosity. This provides additional evidence that the framework of hadronic, secondary models is disfavored to reproduce the large scale diffuse radio emission of galaxy clusters. We also provide predictions for the unavoidable emission of $γ$-rays from the hadronic models for the full cluster set. None of such secondary models is yet excluded by the observed limits in $γ$-ray emission, emphasizing that large scale diffuse radio emission is a powerful tool to constrain the amount of cosmic ray protons in galaxy clusters.

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