测量操作中的固体氧化物电化学电池中的各个过电位
Measuring individual overpotentials in an operating solid-oxide electrochemical cell
摘要：
我们使用光电子作为非接触探针来测量固体氧化物电化学电池中的局部电势。我们使用空间分辨X射线光电子能谱表征在近环境压力下操作的细胞。直接测量Ni和Pt电极与氧化钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）电解质之间界面的过电位。使用电化学阻抗谱的方法进行了验证。利用表征电池低效率的过电位，我们比较了Ni和Pt的电催化效率，发现在Ni上H_2O裂解比H_2氧化快，而在Pt上H_2氧化比H_2O裂解快。
英文摘要：
We use photo-electrons as a non-contact probe to measure local electrical potentials in a solid-oxide electrochemical cell. We characterize the cell in operando at near-ambient pressure using spatially-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The overpotentials at the interfaces between the Ni and Pt electrodes and the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte are directly measured. The method is validated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Using the overpotentials, which characterize the cell's inefficiencies, we compare without ambiguity the electro-catalytic efficiencies of Ni and Pt, finding that on Ni H_2O splitting proceeds more rapidly than H2 oxidation, while on Pt, H2 oxidation proceeds more rapidly than H2O splitting.
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