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arXiv 1002.4397astro-ph.EP
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长周期彗星从何而来?26颗来自非引力奥尔特峰的彗星

Where do long-period comets come from? 26 comets from the non-gravitational Oort spike

M. Królikowska, P. A. Dybczyński

摘要:

长周期彗星的视源区以及动力新彗星的定义仍是一个悬而未决的问题,本研究的目的是寻找选定的长周期彗星的视源区,并改进动力新彗星的定义。我们表明,纳入轨道确定过程中的非引力显着改变的情况。我们确定了所有研究彗星的精确的非引力轨道,接下来在一个轨道周期内数值跟踪它们的过去和未来运动。应用巧妙的西塔斯基的方法,创造了与观测兼容的虚拟彗星群,我们能够推导出原始和未来轨道要素的不确定性,以及以前和下一个近日点距离的不确定性。我们的结论是,过去和未来的演化彗星轨道下的银河潮汐扰动是唯一的方法来找到哪些彗星是真正的动态新的。我们还表明,相当大比例的长周期彗星可以在至少两个或三个连续的近日点期间访问可见区。

英文摘要:

The apparent source region (or regions) of long-period comets as well as the definition of the dynamically new comet are still open questions.The aim of this investigation is to look for the apparent source of selected long period comets and to refine the definition of dynamically new comets. We show that incorporation of the non-gravitational forces into the orbit determination process significantly changes the situation. We determined precise non-gravitational orbits of all investigated comets and next followed numerically their past and future motion during one orbital period. Applying ingenious Sitarski's method of creating swarms of virtual comets compatible with observations, we were able to derive the uncertainties of original and future orbital elements, as well as the uncertainties of the previous and next perihelion distances. We concluded that the past and future evolution of cometary orbits under the Galactic tide perturbations is the only way to find which comets are really dynamically new. We also have shown that a significant percentage of long-period comets can visit the zone of visibility during at least two or three consecutive perihelion passages.

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