arXiv 1002.31082010-02cond-mat.quant-gas

光腔中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的集体动力学

Collective Dynamics of Bose--Einstein Condensates in Optical Cavities

J. Keeling, M. J. Bhaseen, B. D. Simons

备注：: 5 pages, 5 figures
发表信息：: Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 043001 (2010)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.043001

摘要：

最近在光学腔中对玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的实验报道了物质-光系统的一种量子相变--超辐射。这些实验的时间依赖性要求考虑集体动力学。在这里，我们建立了一个丰富的相图，淬火实验访问，与非平衡相变分离的动力学不同的制度。我们包括腔泄漏和腔场对凝聚体的反作用的关键影响。接近这些相边界的结果在临界减慢的衰减多体振荡。值得注意的是，这种缓慢的衰减可以通过大的腔损耗来辅助。预测包括集体振荡的频率，各种多相共存的区域，和持久的光学机械振荡描述的阻尼驱动摆。这些发现为研究物质-光系统的集体动力学和非平衡相变开辟了新的方向。

英文摘要：

Recent experiments on Bose--Einstein condensates in optical cavities have reported a quantum phase transition to a coherent state of the matter-light system -- superradiance. The time dependent nature of these experiments demands consideration of collective dynamics. Here we establish a rich phase diagram, accessible by quench experiments, with distinct regimes of dynamics separated by non-equilibrium phase transitions. We include the key effects of cavity leakage and the back-reaction of the cavity field on the condensate. Proximity to some of these phase boundaries results in critical slowing down of the decay of many-body oscillations. Notably, this slow decay can be assisted by large cavity losses. Predictions include the frequency of collective oscillations, a variety of multi-phase co-existence regions, and persistent optomechanical oscillations described by a damped driven pendulum. These findings open new directions to study collective dynamics and non-equilibrium phase transitions in matter-light systems.

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