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arXiv 0912.3167hep-th
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弦论中微观黑洞的蒸发与物种的束缚

Evaporation of Microscopic Black Holes in String Theory and the Bound on Species

Gia Dvali, Dieter Lust

摘要:

我们解决的问题是如何与D-膜弦紧化是一致的黑洞的束缚,这在任何理论中产生的粒子种类的数量,黑洞可以蒸发。对于卡鲁扎-克莱因粒子,无论是纵向还是横向于D-膜,都相对容易看出黑洞束缚是饱和的,并且几何关系可以用物种计数的语言来理解。接下来我们讨论黑洞蒸发到更高的弦态的问题,并发现,与天真的直觉相反,指数增长的Regge态的数量并不排除亚弦大小的半经典黑洞的存在。我们的分析表明,这种微型黑洞蒸发到的弦共振的有效数目并不是指数级的,而是以N = 1/g_s^2为界,这表明普朗克尺度与弦尺度之间的著名关系可以解释为黑洞的饱和度与物种数的关系。此外,我们还讨论了TeV级低弦标度下D-膜紧化中的其他一些问题,如轻模场的质量。

英文摘要:

We address the question how string compactifications with D-branes are consistent with the black hole bound, which arises in any theory with number of particle species to which the black holes can evaporate. For the Kaluza-Klein particles, both longitudinal and transversal to the D-branes, it is relatively easy to see that the black hole bound is saturated, and the geometric relations can be understood in the language of species-counting. We next address the question of the black hole evaporation into the higher string states and discover, that contrary to the naive intuition, the exponentially growing number of Regge states does not preclude the existence of semi-classical black holes of sub-stringy size. Our analysis indicates that the effective number of string resonances to which such micro black holes evaporate is not exponentially large but is bounded by N = 1/g_s^2, which suggests the interpretation of the well-known relation between the Planck and string scales as the saturation of the black hole bound on the species number. In addition, we also discuss some other issues in D-brane compactifications with a low string scale of order TeV, such as the masses of light moduli fields.

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