arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0912.3121astro-ph.CO
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定向实验中Wimp探测事件率的日变化

The Diurnal Variation of the Wimp Detection Event Rates in Directional Experiments

J. D. Vergados, Ch. C. Moustakidis

摘要:

最近的WMAP数据证实了奇异暗物质与真空能量(宇宙学常数)一起在扁平宇宙中占主导地位。现代粒子理论自然提供了质量在GeV-TeV范围内的可行冷暗物质候选者。超对称性提供了最轻的超对称粒子(LSP),额外维度的理论提供了最轻的卡鲁扎-克莱因粒子(LKP)等。暗物质的性质只能通过在实验室中直接检测来解开。所有这些候选者将被称为WIMPs(弱相互作用大质量粒子)。在任何情况下,直接的暗物质搜索,相当于探测反冲核,在它与WIMP碰撞之后,是粒子物理学和宇宙学的核心。在这项工作中,我们简要回顾了直接暗物质探测实验的相关理论要素,特别注意定向实验。也就是说,在这些实验中,不仅可以观察到反冲核的能量,而且还可以观察到反冲核的方向。由于观测方向相对于地球是固定的,而地球是绕着它的轴旋转的,定向实验将在一天中的不同时间对天空的不同部分进行采样。因此,由于在观察天空的不同部分时,事件发生率是不同的,因此在这样的实验中观察到的信号将表现出非常有趣和特征性的周期性日变化。

英文摘要:

The recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat Universe. Modern particle theories naturally provide viable cold dark matter candidates with masses in the GeV-TeV region. Supersymmetry provides the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), theories in extra dimensions supply the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP) etc. The nature of dark matter can only be unraveled only by its direct detection in the laboratory. All such candidates will be called WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). In any case the direct dark matter search, which amounts to detecting the recoiling nucleus, following its collision with WIMP, is central to particle physics and cosmology. In this work we briefly review the theoretical elements relevant to the direct dark matter detection experiments, paying particular attention to directional experiments. i.e experiments in which, not only the energy but the direction of the recoiling nucleus is observed. Since the direction of observation is fixed with respect the the earth, while the Earth is rotating around its axes, the directional experiment will sample different parts of the sky at different times during the day. So, since the event rates are different when looking at different parts of the sky, the observed signal in such experiments will exhibit very interesting and characteristic periodic diurnal variation.

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