极深宽视场近红外巡天：亮星系计数和局域大尺度结构
An Extremely Deep Wide-Field Near-Infrared Survey: Bright Galaxy Counts and Local Large Scale Structure
摘要：
我们在银河系高纬度的五个相距甚远的区域进行了一次深宽视场近红外（NIR）巡天，覆盖范围为J、H和Ks的3度^[2]。数据的最深区域（~ 0.25 deg^2）延伸到AB星等系统中JHKs > 24的5 sigma极限星等。虽然深度和面积因场而异，但该数据集的整体深度和大面积使其成为迄今为止最深的宽场近红外成像调查之一。本文讨论了这些领域的观测，数据处理，和明亮的星系计数。我们将亮星系计数的斜率与2微米全天巡天（2 MASS）和文献中的其他计数进行了比较，并探讨了斜率与超星系纬度之间的关系。超星系赤道附近的斜率平均来说是亚欧几里德的，这表明在~ 250-350 Mpc的尺度上，星系的平均空间密度可能会降低~ 10-15%。相反，在超银河系高纬度地区的斜率平均而言是强烈的超欧几里德，这表明当从超银河系平面上方和下方的空洞向外移动到~ 250-350 Mpc的距离时，星系的空间密度会增加。这些结果表明，当地的大尺度结构可能是负责在不同的研究之间的测量斜率在过去的巨大差异。此外，相对于几百兆秒差距的空间密度，远离超星系面的局部宇宙似乎密度不足约25-100%。宇宙学：宇宙的观测和大尺度结构-星系：基本参数（计数）-红外：星系
英文摘要：
We present a deep, wide-field near-infrared (NIR) survey over five widely separated fields at high Galactic latitude covering a total of ~ 3 deg^2 in J, H, and Ks. The deepest areas of the data (~ 0.25 deg^2) extend to a 5 sigma limiting magnitude of JHKs > 24 in the AB magnitude system. Although depth and area vary from field to field, the overall depth and large area of this dataset make it one of the deepest wide-field NIR imaging surveys to date. This paper discusses the observations, data reduction, and bright galaxy counts in these fields. We compare the slope of the bright galaxy counts with the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and other counts from the literature and explore the relationship between slope and supergalactic latitude. The slope near the supergalactic equator is sub- Euclidean on average pointing to the possibility of a decreasing average space density of galaxies by ~ 10-15% over scales of ~ 250-350 Mpc. On the contrary, the slope at high supergalactic latitudes is strongly super-Euclidean on average suggesting an increase in the space density of galaxies as one moves from the voids just above and below the supergalactic plane out to distances of ~ 250-350 Mpc. These results suggest that local large scale structure could be responsible for large discrepancies in the measured slope between different studies in the past. In addition, the local universe away from the supergalactic plane appears to be underdense by ~ 25-100% relative to the space densities of a few hundred megaparsecs distant. Subject headings: cosmology: observations and large scale structure of universe-galaxies: fundamental parameters (counts)-infrared: galaxies
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