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arXiv 0912.2544astro-ph.SRastro-ph.CO
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W31中VLT富金属HII区的中红外诊断和年轻大质量星的Spitzer光谱

Mid-Infrared diagnostics of metal-rich HII regions from VLT and Spitzer Spectroscopy of Young Massive Stars in W31

JP Furness, PA Crowther, PW Morris, CL Barbosa, RD Blum, PS Conti, SD van Dyk

摘要:

我们提出了近红外VLT/ISAAC和中红外斯皮策/IRS光谱的年轻的大质量集群在W31恒星形成区域。H-波段光谱提供了四个集群成员O星相对于布卢姆等人的精细分类。此外,光球功能检测在大规模的年轻恒星对象(mYSO)#26。光谱允许估计恒星的温度和质量,从中得到的星团年龄约为0.6百万年,距离为3.3千秒差距,在极好的协议与Blum等人。IRS光谱揭示了中红外精细结构线通量的[Ne II-III]和[S III-IV]的四个O型星和五个mYSO。与以前的研究一样,尽管使用了当代的恒星大气和光电离模型,但从观测到的精细结构线的比率来看,单个恒星的恒星温度被严重低估了。我们构造经验温度校准的基础上,已知的光谱类型的W31星团恒星,补充两个内银河系超紧(UC)HII地区的电离星的性质建立。[NeIII] 15.5 μ m/[NeII] 12.8 μ m、[SIV] 10.5 μ m/[NeII] 12.8 μ m或[ArIII] 9.0 μ m/[NeII] 12.8 μ m的定标可用于推断银河系内其它致密区和UCHII区早中O星的光谱类型。最后,在W31的大质量恒星内容的演化阶段和时间尺度进行了讨论,由于存在许多年轻的大质量恒星在不同的形成阶段在一个“同时代”的集群。

英文摘要:

We present near-IR VLT/ISAAC and mid-IR Spitzer/IRS spectroscopy of the young massive cluster in the W31 star-forming region. H-band spectroscopy provides refined classifications for four cluster members O stars with respect to Blum et al. In addition, photospheric features are detected in the massive Young Stellar Object (mYSO) #26. Spectroscopy permits estimates of stellar temperatures and masses, from which a cluster age of ~0.6 Myr and distance of 3.3 kpc are obtained, in excellent agreement with Blum et al. IRS spectroscopy reveals mid-infrared fine structure line fluxes of [Ne II-III] and [S III-IV] for four O stars and five mYSOs. In common with previous studies, stellar temperatures of individual stars are severely underestimated from the observed ratios of fine-structure lines, despite the use of contemporary stellar atmosphere and photoionization models. We construct empirical temperature calibrations based upon the W31 cluster stars of known spectral type, supplemented by two inner Milky Way ultracompact (UC) HII regions whose ionizing star properties are established. Calibrations involving [NeIII] 15.5um/[NeII] 12.8um, [SIV] 10.5um/[NeII] 12.8um or [ArIII] 9.0um/[NeII] 12.8um have application in deducing the spectral types of early- to mid- O stars for other inner Milky Way compact and UCHII regions. Finally, evolutionary phases and timescales for the massive stellar content in W31 are discussed, due to the presence of numerous young massive stars at different formation phases in a `coeval' cluster.

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