小Yukawa团簇的维数相变
Dimensional phase transitions in small Yukawa clusters
摘要：
我们研究了由少数粒子通过汤川（德拜）势相互作用并被限制在二维双谐势阱中的团簇中的一维到二维之字形跃迁。实验研究了含$n \le 19$单分散粒子的尘埃（复杂）等离子体团簇在两种不同约束条件下的特性。精确测量了井的各向异性，并由纵向呼吸频率确定了德拜屏蔽参数。德拜屏蔽被证明是重要的。该系统的模型被用来预测平衡粒子配置。实验和模型表现出良好的一致性。的临界值$n$的曲折过渡被发现是小于预测的一个未屏蔽的库仑相互作用。锯齿形转变表现为从一维到二维状态的连续相变，其中状态变量为粒子数、阱各向异性和德拜屏蔽参数。一个普遍的临界指数的锯齿形过渡的变化所造成的德拜屏蔽参数的转变。
英文摘要：
We investigate the one- to two-dimensional zigzag transition in clusters consisting of a small number of particles interacting through a Yukawa (Debye) potential and confined in a two-dimensional biharmonic potential well. Dusty (complex) plasma clusters with $n \le 19$ monodisperse particles are characterized experimentally for two different confining wells. The well anisotropy is accurately measured, and the Debye shielding parameter is determined from the longitudinal breathing frequency. Debye shielding is shown to be important. A model for this system is used to predict equilibrium particle configurations. The experiment and model exhibit excellent agreement. The critical value of $n$ for the zigzag transition is found to be less than that predicted for an unshielded Coulomb interaction. The zigzag transition is shown to behave as a continuous phase transition from a one-dimensional to a two-dimensional state, where the state variables are the number of particles, the well anisotropy and the Debye shielding parameter. A universal critical exponent for the zigzag transition is identified for transitions caused by varying the Debye shielding parameter.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
