arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0912.0087gr-qcastro-ph.CO
收藏

超大质量黑洞的相对论合并及其电磁特征

Relativistic Mergers of Supermassive Black Holes and their Electromagnetic Signatures

Tanja Bode, Roland Haas, Tamara Bogdanovic, Pablo Laguna, Deirdre Shoemaker

摘要:

从超大质量黑洞的合并事件中同时探测电磁波(EM)和引力波(GW)特征是下一个观测上的重大挑战。这种探测将提供研究宇宙演化和与这些巨大的紧凑物体有关的吸积过程的手段。更一般地说,这些观测将使广义相对论能够在强非线性状态下得到检验,并将提供独立的高精度宇宙学测量。因此,了解在超大质量黑洞合并过程中出现EM和GW签名重合的条件是至关重要的。作为实现这一目标的重要一步,我们提出的结果,从第一个完全广义相对论,流体动力学研究的后期螺旋和合并的等质量,旋转超大质量黑洞二进制的气体云。我们发现,与GWs相关的可变EM签名可以出现在合并系统中作为冲击和吸积结合相对论光束效应的结果。最引人注目的EM可变性观察到的自旋与轨道轴对齐的系统,其中轨道黑洞形成一组稳定的密度尾流,但所有的系统都表现出一些特征签名,可用于搜索EM同行。在激光干涉仪空间天线可观测到的最大质量的双星的情况下,计算的光度意味着它们可以通过EM搜索到z = 1来识别,而低质量的系统和沉浸在低密度环境气体中的双星只能在局部宇宙中检测到。

英文摘要:

Coincident detections of electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational wave (GW) signatures from coalescence events of supermassive black holes are the next observational grand challenge. Such detections will provide the means to study cosmological evolution and accretion processes associated with these gargantuan compact objects. More generally, the observations will enable testing general relativity in the strong, nonlinear regime and will provide independent cosmological measurements to high precision. Understanding the conditions under which coincidences of EM and GW signatures arise during supermassive black hole mergers is therefore of paramount importance. As an essential step towards this goal, we present results from the first fully general relativistic, hydrodynamical study of the late inspiral and merger of equal-mass, spinning supermassive black hole binaries in a gas cloud. We find that variable EM signatures correlated with GWs can arise in merging systems as a consequence of shocks and accretion combined with the effect of relativistic beaming. The most striking EM variability is observed for systems where spins are aligned with the orbital axis and where orbiting black holes form a stable set of density wakes, but all systems exhibit some characteristic signatures that can be utilized in searches for EM counterparts. In the case of the most massive binaries observable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, calculated luminosities imply that they may be identified by EM searches to z = 1, while lower mass systems and binaries immersed in low density ambient gas can only be detected in the local universe.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑