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arXiv 0911.4592astro-ph.SR
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大质量年轻恒星天体W33A的拱星盘、包层和双极外流

The circumstellar disk, envelope, and bi-polar outflow of the Massive Young Stellar Object W33A

Ben Davies, Stuart L. Lumsden, Melvin G. Hoare, Rene D. Oudmaijer, Willem-Jan de Wit

摘要:

年轻恒星天体(YSO)W33 A是仍处于形成过程中的大质量恒星的最著名例子之一。在这里,我们提出了双子座北ALTAIR/NIFS激光引导星自适应光学辅助K波段积分场光谱的W33 A和它的内反射星云。在我们的数据中,我们在近红外波长处首次探测到了大质量YSO的旋转扁平外壳和快速双极喷流。观测到的主要光谱特征是Br-γ、H_2以及CO气体的发射和吸收的组合。我们进行了3-D光谱天体测量分析的线发射,其第一次研究。我们发现,该对象的Br-伽马发射揭示了证据的快速双极射流在亚毫弧秒尺度,这是对齐的大规模外流。混合CO功能可以解释为热CO排放的组合产生的磁盘靠近中心的恒星,而冷CO吸收起源于较冷的外壳。这些功能的运动学分析表明,这两个结构是旋转的,并与垂直对齐的电离射流和大规模的外流一致。假设开普勒自转,我们发现拱星盘的中心质量大于10 Msun,而外层包层的质量约为15 Msun。我们的研究结果表明,一个中央恒星吸积材料的拱星盘在一个凉爽的扩展旋转环面的中心,同时驱动快速的双极风的情况。因此,这些结果提供了强有力的支持证据的假设,即高质量恒星的形成机制是定性相似的低质量恒星。

英文摘要:

The Young Stellar Object (YSO) W33A is one of the best known examples of a massive star still in the process of forming. Here we present Gemini North ALTAIR/NIFS laser-guide star adaptive-optics assisted K-band integral-field spectroscopy of W33A and its inner reflection nebula. In our data we make the first detections of a rotationally-flattened outer envelope and fast bi-polar jet of a massive YSO at near-infrared wavelengths. The predominant spectral features observed are Br-gamma, H_2, and a combination of emission and absorption from CO gas. We perform a 3-D spectro-astrometric analysis of the line emission, the first study of its kind. We find that the object's Br-gamma emission reveals evidence for a fast bi-polar jet on sub-milliarcsecond scales, which is aligned with the larger-scale outflow. The hybrid CO features can be explained as a combination of hot CO emission arising in a disk close to the central star, while cold CO absorption originates in the cooler outer envelope. Kinematic analysis of these features reveals that both structures are rotating, and consistent with being aligned perpendicularly to both the ionised jet and the large-scale outflow. Assuming Keplerian rotation, we find that the circumstellar disk orbits a central mass of >10Msun, while the outer envelope encloses a mass of ~15Msun. Our results suggest a scenario of a central star accreting material from a circumstellar disk at the centre of a cool extended rotating torus, while driving a fast bi-polar wind. These results therefore provide strong supporting evidence for the hypothesis that the formation mechanism for high-mass stars is qualitatively similar to that of low-mass stars.

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