聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中蛋白质的银染研究进展
Silver-staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels: a general overview
摘要：
本文根据蛋白质银染的物理化学原理，对聚丙烯酰胺凝胶SDS电泳或等电聚焦后的几种蛋白质银染方法进行了试验。最有价值的协议在这份报告中，包括标准的方法不支持的凝胶和新的方法设计薄（0.5毫米）支持的凝胶SDS电泳或等电聚焦和染色的小肽。一般来说，最快速的方法被认为是不太敏感和重现性比更耗时的方法。在较长的方法中，使用银-二氨络合物的方法给出了最均匀的灵敏度。然而，它们需要特殊的自制凝胶，并且不能应用于几种电泳系统（例如，使用tricine或bicine作为拖尾离子的系统，或在固定pH梯度中的等电聚焦）。由于这些原因，基于硝酸银的方案具有更普遍的用途，并且可能受到青睐。还将讨论银染色的未来趋势。
英文摘要：
On the basis of the physico-chemical principles underlying silver-staining of proteins, which are recalled in this paper, several methods of silver-staining of proteins after SDS electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels or isoelectric focusing were tested. The most valuable protocols are presented in this report, including standard methods for unsupported gels and new methods devised for thin (0.5 mm) supported gels for SDS electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing and for staining of small peptides. Generally speaking, the most rapid methods were found to be less sensitive and less reproducible than more time-consuming ones. Among the long methods, those using silver-diammine complex gave the most uniform sensitivity. They require however special home-made gels and cannot be applied to several electrophoretic systems (e.g. systems using tricine or bicine as the trailing ion, or isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients). For these reasons, protocols based on silver nitrate are of a more general use and might be favored. Future trends for silver-staining will also be discussed.
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