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arXiv 0911.4072astro-ph.GA
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从IRAS 00117+6412中的同一出生云中出现的三个具有不同性质的中等质量YSO

Three intermediate-mass YSOs with different properties emerging from the same natal cloud in IRAS 00117+6412

Aina Palau, A. Sanchez-Monge, G. Busquet, R. Estalella, Q. Zhang, P. T. P. Ho, M. T. Beltran, H. Beuther

摘要:

我们用VLA、PdBI和SMA观测到厘米和毫米连续谱、N2 H+(1-0)和CO(2-1)发射,这些发射与一个尘埃云有关,该尘埃云包含一个含有中等质量原恒星的新生星团。在厘米波长处,我们发现了一个强源,追踪UCHII区域,在尘埃云的东部边缘,具有壳状结构,近红外对应物落在壳的中心。这可能是形成星系团的最大来源。在UCHII区域以西约15“处,我们探测到一个与厘米和近红外发射有关的强毫米源MM 1。MM 1似乎是驱动一个突出的高速CO双极外流,并嵌入在由N2 H+跟踪的致密气体的脊。我们估计,MM 1是一个中等质量的源在0/I类阶段。在MM 1以南约15“处,更深地嵌入尘埃云中,我们探测到一个紧凑的毫米源MM 2,既没有厘米也没有近红外发射,但有水脉泽发射。MM 2与一团N2 H+有关,其运动学揭示了明显的速度梯度,此外,我们还发现了下落运动的路标。MM 2深深地嵌入在尘埃云中,伴随着水脉泽,但没有CO流出排放的迹象,这是一个有趣的物体,可能是中等质量的。总之,UCHII区域位于一个尘埃云的边界,该尘埃云目前正在进行活跃的恒星形成。尘埃云中的两个中等质量的原恒星似乎是在UCHII区域之后形成的,并且具有与外流现象相关的不同性质。

英文摘要:

We observed with the VLA, PdBI, and SMA the centimeter and millimeter continuum, N2H+(1-0), and CO(2-1) emission associated with a dusty cloud harboring a nascent cluster with intermediate-mass protostars. At centimeter wavelengths we found a strong source, tracing a UCHII region, at the eastern edge of the dusty cloud, with a shell-like structure, and with the near-infrared counterpart falling in the center of the shell. This is presumably the most massive source of the forming cluster. About 15'' to the west of the UCHII region and well embedded in the dusty cloud, we detected a strong millimeter source, MM1, associated with centimeter and near-infrared emission. MM1 seems to be driving a prominent high-velocity CO bipolar outflow, and is embedded in a ridge of dense gas traced by N2H+. We estimated that MM1 is an intermediate-mass source in the Class 0/I phase. About 15'' to the south of MM1, and still more deeply embedded in the dusty cloud, we detected a compact millimeter source, MM2, with neither centimeter nor near-infrared emission, but with water maser emission. MM2 is associated with a clump of N2H+, whose kinematics reveal a clear velocity gradient and additionally we found signposts of infall motions. MM2, being deeply embedded within the dusty cloud, with an associated water maser but no hints of CO outflow emission, is an intriguing object, presumably of intermediate mass. In conclusion, the UCHII region is found at the border of a dusty cloud which is currently undergoing active star formation. Two intermediate-mass protostars in the dusty cloud seem to have formed after the UCHII region and have different properties related to the outflow phenomenon.

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