Type II-P Supernovae from the SDSS-II Supernova Survey and the Standardized Candle Method
Chris B. D'Andrea, Masao Sako, Benjamin Dilday, Joshua A. Frieman, Jon Holtzman, Richard Kessler, Kohki Konishi, Donald P. Schneider, Jesper Sollerman, J. C. Wh… 展开作者
Chris B. D'Andrea, Masao Sako, Benjamin Dilday, Joshua A. Frieman, Jon Holtzman, Richard Kessler, Kohki Konishi, Donald P. Schneider, Jesper Sollerman, J. C. Wheeler, Naoki Yasuda, David Cinabro, Saurabh Jha, Robert C. Nichol, Hubert Lampeitl, Mathew Smith, David W. Atlee, Bruce Basset, Francisco J. Castander, Ariel Goobar, Ramon Miquel, Jakob Nordin, Linda Östman, Jose Luis Prieto, Robert Quimby, Adam G. Riess, Maximilian Stritzinger
We apply the Standardized Candle Method (SCM) for Type II Plateau supernovae (SNe II-P), which relates the velocity of the ejecta of a SN to its luminosity during the plateau, to 15 SNe II-P discovered over the three season run of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey - II Supernova Survey. The redshifts of these SNe - 0.027 < z < 0.144 - cover a range hitherto sparsely sampled in the literature; in particular, our SNe II-P sample contains nearly as many SNe in the Hubble flow (z > 0.01) as all of the current literature on the SCM combined. We find that the SDSS SNe have a very small intrinsic I-band dispersion (0.22 mag), which can be attributed to selection effects. When the SCM is applied to the combined SDSS-plus-literature set of SNe II-P, the dispersion increases to 0.29 mag, larger than the scatter for either set of SNe separately. We show that the standardization cannot be further improved by eliminating SNe with positive plateau decline rates, as proposed in Poznanski et al. (2009). We thoroughly examine all potential systematic effects and conclude that for the SCM to be useful for cosmology, the methods currently used to determine the Fe II velocity at day 50 must be improved, and spectral templates able to encompass the intrinsic variations of Type II-P SNe will be needed.
Applying the expanding photosphere and standardized candle methods to Type II-Plateau supernovae at cosmologically significant redshifts: the distance to SN 2013eq
Type II Supernovae: Model Light Curves and Standard Candle Relationships
II型超新星爆炸模型的调查已经进行,以确定它们的光变曲线和光谱如何随它们的质量,金属丰度和爆炸能量而变化。前超新星模型取自最近对太阳金属丰度下大质量恒星演化的调查,并辅以太阳下金属丰度的新计算。爆炸是由一个活塞附近的铁芯的边缘的运动模拟和由此产生的光变曲线和光谱计算使用全多波长辐射输运。公式的开发,描述了大约如何模型观测(光变曲线光度和持续时间)规模与祖质量,爆炸能量,和放射性核合成。与观测数据的比较表明,典型超新星的爆炸能量(用无穷远处的动能来衡量)相差近一个数量级--从0.5到4.0 x 10^51尔格,典型值约为0.9 x 10^51尔格。尽管有很大的变化,模型表现出紧密的光度和膨胀速度之间的关系,类似于以前采用的经验,使SNe IIP标准化蜡烛。这种关系可以用超新星包层中氢复合的简单行为来解释,但是我们发现对祖先金属丰度和质量的敏感性可能导致系统误差。光变曲线光度、持续时间和颜色之间的其他相关性可能使SNe IIP能够仅使用光度数据获得精确到约20%的距离。
Photospheric Magnitude Diagrams for Type II Supernovae: A Promising Tool to Compute Distances
我们为II型超新星(SNe II)开发了一个经验的基于颜色的标准化方法,相当于Wesselink(1969)给出的经典表面亮度方法。我们校准它与SNE II与主机星系的距离测量造父变星,以及约束冲击爆发时代和灭绝由于主机星系。我们通过分析B-V与V-I颜色-颜色曲线来估计变红,类似于Natali等人(1994)的分析。在四个SNe II满足上述要求的情况下,我们建立了光球星等-色图(类似于HR图),离散度为0.29 mag.我们还表明,当使用冲击爆发后的时间而不是颜色作为自变量时,相同的标准化给出了0.09 mag.的离散度。此外,我们表明,上述基于时间的标准化对应于Hamuy和Pinto(2002)的标准化蜡烛方法在整个光球相的各个时期的推广。为了测试新工具,我们对50个低红移(cz<10^4 km s^-1)SNe II的不同子样本构建了哈勃图。对于哈勃流中的13个超新星(cz_CMB>3000 km s^-1),在激波爆发时期受到很好的约束的情况下,我们得到的哈勃常数值为68-69 km s^-1 Mpc^-1,相对距离的平均内禀散射为0.12等或6%。
An improved standardization framework for Type II-P supernovae using a hierarchical Bayesian approach
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies(海德堡理论研究所);Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所);Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室);Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Energies, CNRS/IN2P3, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris(核物理与高能物理实验室,法国国家科学研究中心/法国国家原子能和替代能源委员会,索邦大学,巴黎大学);Yale University(耶鲁大学);European Space Astronomy Center (ESAC), European Space Agency(欧洲空间天文中心,欧洲航天局);Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon(里昂大学,克莱贝尔·贝尔纳里昂第一大学,法国国家科学研究中心/法国国家原子能和替代能源委员会,里昂粒子物理研究所);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台)