宇宙加速的证据对Ia型超新星光度和恒星年龄之间观测到的相关性是鲁棒的
Evidence for Cosmic Acceleration is Robust to Observed Correlations Between Type Ia Supernova Luminosity and Stellar Age
摘要：
Ia型超新星（SNe Ia）是限制宇宙学模型的强大可分解的蜡烛，并提供了宇宙加速膨胀的第一个证据。它们的精确度来自于经验相关性，现在是从$>1000$ SNe Ia测量的，它们的光度，光变曲线形状，颜色以及最近与宿主星系的恒星质量之间的关系。由于质量与其他星系性质相关，替代参数已被研究，以提高超新星Ia的标准化，但没有被证明显着改变宇宙学参数的测定。我们重新检查最近的索赔，根据34个超新星在附近的被动宿主星系，0.05 mag/Gyr的标准化超新星Ia光度依赖于主机年龄，如果外推到更高的红移，将是一个偏差高达0.25 mag，挑战暗能量的推断。我们重新分析这个样本的主机使用原始的方法和贝叶斯分层模型，并发现后的不确定性更充分的会计的重要性，对年龄的依赖是$\leq2σ$和$\sim1σ$后，删除一个单一的采样差的SN Ia。为了验证在老恒星星族中看到的趋势可以应用于年轻的年龄，我们将我们的分析扩展到更大的样本，其中包括年轻的主机。我们发现剩余的主机年龄的依赖性（在所有标准化后，通常用于宇宙学测量）是一致的254超新星Ia从万神殿样本为零，排除了大，但低的显着性趋势，在被动主机。
英文摘要：
Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are powerful standardizable candles for constraining cosmological models and provided the first evidence of the accelerated expansion of the universe. Their precision derives from empirical correlations, now measured from $>1000$ SNe Ia, between their luminosities, light-curve shapes, colors and most recently with the stellar mass of their host galaxy. As mass correlates with other galaxy properties, alternative parameters have been investigated to improve SN Ia standardization though none have been shown to significantly alter the determination of cosmological parameters. We re-examine a recent claim, based on 34 SN Ia in nearby passive host galaxies, of a 0.05 mag/Gyr dependence of standardized SN Ia luminosity on host age which if extrapolated to higher redshifts, would be a bias up to 0.25 mag, challenging the inference of dark energy. We reanalyze this sample of hosts using both the original method and a Bayesian hierarchical model and find after a fuller accounting of the uncertainties the significance of a dependence on age to be $\leq2σ$ and $\sim1σ$ after the removal of a single poorly-sampled SN Ia. To test the claim that a trend seen in old stellar populations can be applied to younger ages, we extend our analysis to a larger sample which includes young hosts. We find the residual dependence of host age (after all standardization typically employed for cosmological measurements) to be consistent with zero for 254 SNe Ia from the Pantheon sample, ruling out the large but low significance trend seen in passive hosts.
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