A digital hadronic calorimeter using MICROMEGAS as active elements is a very promising choice for particle physics experiments at future lepton colliders. These experiments will be optimized for application of the particle flow algorithm and therefore require calorimeters with very fine lateral segmentation. A 1 m2 prototype based on MICROMEGAS chambers with 1x1 cm2 readout pads is currently being developed at LAPP. The GEANT4 simulation of the physics performance of a MICROMEGAS calorimeter is presented. The main characteristics, such as energy resolution, linearity and shower profile, have been carefully examined for various passive materials with pions over a wide energy range from 3 to 200 GeV. The emphasis is put on the comparison of the analog and digital readout.
Prototypes of electromagnetic and hadronic imaging calorimeters developed and operated by the CALICE collaboration provide an unprecedented wealth of highly granular data of hadronic showers for a variety of active sensor elements and different absorber materials. In this presentation, we discuss detailed measurements of the spatial and the time structure of hadronic showers to characterise the different stages of hadronic cascades in the calorimeters, which are then confronted with GEANT4-based simulations using different hadronic physics models. These studies also extend to the two different…
The software compensation algorithms developed for the CALICE Analog Hadron Calorimeter are extended to incorporate time information on the cell level, and the performance is studied in GEANT4 simulations with a detector model of a highly-granular SiPM-on-tile calorimeter. The addition of nanosecond-level time resolution is found to result in significant improvement of the energy resolution by approximately 3% to 4% for local software compensation compared to the software compensation based on local energy density alone, with further improvement possible with better timing resolution. The high…
粒子流算法（PFAs）已被提出作为一种方法，以提高未来的碰撞束探测器的喷流能量分辨率。PFA需要具有高粒度的量热计，以实现事件的三维成像。线性对撞机合作（CALICE）的量热仪正在开发和测试这种高度分段量热仪的原型。在这种情况下，由阿贡国家实验室领导的一个小组开发和建造了一个大型的数字强子量热仪（DHCAL）原型。DHCAL由52层组成，装有电阻板室（RPC），并与钢吸收板交错。RPC通过1 x 1 cm2焊盘以1位分辨率（数字读出）读出。DHCAL原型有大约480，000个读出通道。本讲座报告DHCAL的设计，建造和调试。DHCAL于2010年秋季安装在费米实验室试验束设施，并于2011年夏季收集数据。
CALICE Digital Hadron Calorimeter: Calibration and Response to Hadrons
大型CALICE数字强子量热仪原型（DHCAL）于2009 - 2010年建造。DHCAL使用电阻板室（RPC）作为有源介质，并以1 x 1 cm 2焊盘和数字（1位）分辨率进行读取。DHCAL拥有约0.5M读出通道的世界纪录，为以前所未有的空间分辨率研究强子相互作用提供了可能性。本演讲报告了费米实验室测试束中收集的2至60 GeV/c动量的π介子事件的分析结果，重点是复杂的校准程序。
The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will have a peak luminosity of $5\times10^{34} $cm$^{-2} $\,s$^{-1}$, five times higher than the design luminosity of the LHC. The hadronic ATLAS Tile Calorimeter TileCal) is a sampling calorimeter with steel as absorber and plastic scintillators as active medium. The light produced in the scintillating tiles is guided to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), where analogue signals are produced to be shaped and conditioned before being digitized every 25\,ns. TileCal Phase-II Upgrade for the HL-LHC will allow the system can cope with the increased rad…
The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) is the first technological prototype in a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE Collaboration to equip the experiments of future lepton colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling calorimeter using stainless steel for absorber and Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPC) as a sensitive medium. The GRPC are read out by 1~cm $\times$ 1~cm pickup pads combined to a multi-threshold electronics. The prototype was exposed to hadron beams in both the CERN PS and the SPS beamlines in 2015 allowing the test of the SDHCAL in a large en…
We investigate the effect of longitudinal and transverse calorimeter segmentation on event-by-event software compensation for hadronic showers. To factorize out sampling and electronics effects, events are simulated in which a single charged pion is shot at a homogenous lead glass calorimeter, split into longitudinal and transverse segments of varying size. As an approximation of an optimal reconstruction, a neural network-based energy regression is trained. The architecture is based on blocks of convolutional kernels customized for shower energy regression using local energy densities; biases…
A hadronic calorimeter with Glass RPC as sensitive medium
SDHCAL技术原型是一个$1 \times 1 \times 1.3$ m $^3$高粒度半数字强子量热计，使用玻璃电阻板室作为敏感介质。它是ILD协作组考虑的两个HCAL方案之一，将被提议作为未来国际直线对撞机项目的探测器。该原型由多达50个1 m $^2$尺寸和3 mm厚度的GRPC探测器组成，每个探测器都具有嵌入式半数字电子读出器，该电子读出器是自动触发和功率脉冲的。GRPC读数被精细地分割成1 cm $^2$的垫。测量性能的GRPC和完整的SDHCAL原型的均匀性，低噪声和能量分辨率方面提出了在这个过程中。
设计并建造了一台高粒度强子1 m ~ 3半数字读出量热计样机。该热量计使用不锈钢作为吸收体，玻璃电阻板室（GRPC）作为活性介质，并通过1x 1 cm 2垫片读取。该原型旨在证明该技术满足未来直线对撞机实验的物理要求，并测试构建现实探测器的可行性，考虑到设计方面，例如基于功率脉冲系统的完全嵌入式前端电子设备，紧凑和自支撑的机械结构，单侧服务......
TileCal is the central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is a sampling detector where scintillating tiles are embedded in steel absorber plates. The tiles are grouped forming cells, which are read-out on both sides by photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The PMT digital samples are transmitted to the Read-Out Drivers (ROD) located in the back-end system for the events accepted by the Level 1 trigger system. The ROD is the core element of the back-end electronics and it represents the interface between the front-end electronics and the ATLAS overall Da…
