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arXiv 0909.5239cond-mat.str-elhep-lathep-ph
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2+1维O(N)反铁磁体的热力学

Thermodynamics of O(N) Antiferromagnets in 2+1 Dimensions

Christoph P. Hofmann

摘要:

在有效拉格朗日函数的框架内,我们计算了O($N$)反铁磁体在2+1维到三圈阶微扰展开下的自由能量密度,并导出了各种热力学量的低温级数.特别地,我们证明了在$d$ =2+1的O(3)反铁磁体中的磁振子-磁振子相互作用--正方形或蜂窝晶格上的O(3)不变量子海森堡反铁磁体--是非常弱和排斥的,并且通过自由能量密度中与温度的五次方成比例的项来表现。值得注意的是,相应的系数完全由首阶有效拉格朗日量${\cal L}^2_{eff}$确定,并且不涉及来自与晶格的各向异性相关的${\cal L}^4_{eff}$的任何高阶有效常数--因此对称性在$d$ =2+1中非常受限。我们还比较了适用于2+1维O($N$)反铁磁体和3+1维O($N$)反铁磁体的结果。目前的工作证明了效率的全系统有效拉格朗日方法在凝聚态域,这显然证明是优于自旋波理论。我们想强调的是,在本工作中导出的低温系列的结构是模型无关的和普遍的,因为它只依赖于对称性的考虑。

英文摘要:

Within the framework of effective Lagrangians we calculate the free energy density for an O($N$) antiferromagnet in 2+1 dimensions up to three-loop order in the perturbative expansion and derive the low-temperature series for various thermodynamic quantities. In particular, we show that the magnon-magnon interaction in the O(3) antiferromagnet in $d$=2+1 -- the O(3)-invariant quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square or a honeycomb lattice -- is very weak and repulsive and manifests itself through a term proportional to five powers of the temperature in the free energy density. Remarkably, the corresponding coefficient is fully determined by the leading-order effective Lagrangian ${\cal L}^2_{eff}$ and does not involve any higher order effective constants from ${\cal L}^4_{eff}$ related to the anisotropies of the lattice -- the symmetries are thus very restrictive in $d$=2+1. We also compare our results that apply to O($N$) antiferromagnets in 2+1 dimensions with the those for O($N$) antiferromagnets in 3+1 dimensions. The present work demonstrates the efficiency of the fully systematic effective Lagrangian method in the condensed matter domain, which clearly proves to be superior to spin-wave theory. We would like to emphasize that the structure of the low-temperature series derived in the present work is model-independent and universal as it only relies on symmetry considerations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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