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arXiv 0909.4279physics.soc-phphysics.bio-ph
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无标度网络中传染病驱动的传染病传播

Traffic-driven Epidemic Spreading in Finite-size Scale-Free Networks

S. Meloni, A. Arenas, Y. Moreno

摘要:

对复杂网络的研究有助于揭示复杂系统的结构与功能之间的关系。一个值得注意的结果是,在无限大的无标度网络中没有流行病阈值,这意味着任何感染都将永远传播,而不管传播速度如何。目前绝大多数的理论方法都假设感染是作为一个反应过程从节点传播到所有邻居。在这里,我们采用不同的视角,并表明,流行病的发病率是由交通流量条件。具体来说,我们考虑的情况下,流行病的路径被定义和驱动的流量。通过大量的数值模拟和理论预测,它表明,在无标度网络中的流行病阈值的值直接取决于流量条件,特别是在给定的路由协议的介数分布的第一和第二时刻。我们考虑的情况下,节点的交付能力是有界或无界的。在这两种情况下,阈值取决于流量,并随着流量的增加而减小。有限制的交付引发了拥堵的出现,减缓了疾病的传播,并为流行病的发病率设定了限制。我们的研究结果提供了一个一般的概念框架,以了解复杂网络上的传播过程。

英文摘要:

The study of complex networks sheds light on the relation between the structure and function of complex systems. One remarkable result is the absence of an epidemic threshold in infinite-size scale-free networks, which implies that any infection will perpetually propagate regardless of the spreading rate. The vast majority of current theoretical approaches assumes that infections are transmitted as a reaction process from nodes to all neighbors. Here we adopt a different perspective and show that the epidemic incidence is shaped by traffic flow conditions. Specifically, we consider the scenario in which epidemic pathways are defined and driven by flows. Through extensive numerical simulations and theoretical predictions, it is shown that the value of the epidemic threshold in scale-free networks depends directly on flow conditions, in particular on the first and second moments of the betweenness distribution given a routing protocol. We consider the scenarios in which the delivery capability of the nodes is bounded or unbounded. In both cases, the threshold values depend on the traffic and decrease as flow increases. Bounded delivery provokes the emergence of congestion, slowing down the spreading of the disease and setting a limit for the epidemic incidence. Our results provide a general conceptual framework to understand spreading processes on complex networks.

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