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arXiv 0909.3283astro-ph.HE
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GX 339-4的红外/X射线关联:探测吸积黑洞的硬X射线辐射

The infrared/X-ray correlation of GX 339-4: Probing hard X-ray emission in accreting black holes

M. Coriat, S. Corbel, M. M. Buxton, C. D. Bailyn, J. A. Tomsick, E. Koerding, E. Kalemci

摘要:

GX 339-4是揭示吸积恒星质量黑洞吸积-抛射耦合的关键源之一。在1999年至2002年的长时间平静之后,GX 339-4经历了一系列的4次爆发,许多地面天文台(无线电,红外线(IR),光学)和卫星(X射线)都密切观察到了这些爆发。在这里,我们提出了这些宽带观测活动的结果,集中在光学红外(OIR)/X射线通量的相关性在四个爆发。我们发现了四十多年来的紧密OIR/X射线相关性,在硬态中IR/X射线相关性中存在断裂。这种相关性对于所有四次爆发都是相同的。这可以通过考虑X射线的同步自康普顿起源以一致的方式解释,其中断裂频率在射流光谱的光学厚和薄区域之间变化。我们还强调了光学/X射线和IR/X射线相关性之间的相似性和差异,这表明在硬态的近红外发射的射流起源,而光学更可能是由黑体发射的吸积盘在硬和软状态。然而,我们发现在硬态期间,V波段中40%的喷流发射有不可忽视的贡献。最后,我们集中在2004年爆发的衰变过程中,通过比较无线电,红外,光学和硬X射线的光变曲线的软到硬的状态转变。看来,在不同的能量域的排放峰值之间的不寻常的延迟可能会提供一些重要的约束射流形成的情况。

英文摘要:

GX 339-4 has been one of the key sources for unravelling the accretion ejection coupling in accreting stellar mass black holes. After a long period of quiescence between 1999 and 2002, GX 339-4 underwent a series of 4 outbursts that have been intensively observed by many ground based observatories [radio, infrared(IR), optical] and satellites (X-rays). Here, we present results of these broad-band observational campaigns, focusing on the optical-IR (OIR)/X-ray flux correlations over the four outbursts. We found tight OIR/X-ray correlations over four decades with the presence of a break in the IR/X-ray correlation in the hard state. This correlation is the same for all four outbursts. This can be interpreted in a consistent way by considering a synchrotron self-Compton origin of the X-rays in which the break frequency varies between the optically thick and thin regime of the jet spectrum. We also highlight the similarities and differences between optical/X-ray and IR/X-ray correlations which suggest a jet origin of the near-IR emission in the hard state while the optical is more likely dominated by the blackbody emission of the accretion disc in both hard and soft state. However we find a non negligible contribution of 40 per cent of the jet emission in the V-band during the hard state. We finally concentrate on a soft-to-hard state transition during the decay of the 2004 outburst by comparing the radio, IR, optical and hard X-rays light curves. It appears that unusual delays between the peak of emission in the different energy domains may provide some important constraints on jet formation scenario.

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