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arXiv 0909.1357astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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Ia型超新星的X-和Gamma-Ray闪光?

X- and Gamma-Ray Flashes from Type Ia Supernovae?

Peter Hoflich, Bradley E. Schaefer

摘要:

我们研究了两种可能的机制,将产生X射线和伽马射线闪烁的Ia型超新星(SN-Ia)。其机制是热核燃烧锋到达白矮星表面时的爆发以及快速膨胀的包层与吸积盘的相互作用。基于延迟爆轰方案和包括核网络的详细辐射-水计算,我们发现两种机制都产生约1秒的高能辐射闪光,峰值亮度为10^48至10^50 erg/sec,具有快速上升和指数下降。超新星Ia的X射线和伽马射线可见度很大程度上取决于其前身系统的自吸收,特别是吸积盘的性质及其朝向观测者的方向。卫星上的伽马射线暴(GRB)探测器可以将这种X射线和伽玛射线闪光作为触发事件探测到,这些事件在当前的GRB目录中。我们已经搜索了伽马射线暴目录(BATSE、HETE和Swift实验),寻找发生在爆炸外推时间的伽马射线暴,以及径向速度小于3,000 km/s的已知Ia型超新星的正确方向。对于BATSE,应该探测到大约12.9 +-3.6个邻近的SNe Ia,但只发现了0.8 +-0.7个非巧合的匹配。使用HETE和Swift卫星,我们预计将从已知的邻近SNe Ia看到5.6 +-1.3个SN-Ia闪光,但没有探测到SN-Ia闪光。这就限制了观测的极限,即超新星-Ia型闪光的辐射热峰值亮度必须小于~10^46 erg/s。我们把理论极限和观测极限之间的差异归因于大尺度高度的吸积盘对X射线和伽马射线的吸收,或者说是将白矮星窒息的共同包络。

英文摘要:

We investigate two potential mechanisms that will produce X-ray and gamma-ray flashes from Type Ia supernovae (SN-Ia). The mechanisms are the breakout of the thermonuclear burning front as it reaches the surface of the white dwarf and the interaction of the rapidly expanding envelope with an accretion disk. Based on the delayed-detonation scenario and detailed radiation-hydro calculation which include nuclear networks, we find that both mechanisms produce ~1 second flashes of high energy radiation with peak luminosities of 10^48 to 10^50 erg/sec with fast rises and exponential declines. The X- and gamma-ray visibility of a SN-Ia will depend strongly on self absorption within the progenitor system, specifically on the properties of the accretion disk and its orientation towards the observer. Such X-ray and gamma-ray flashes could be detected as triggered events by Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) detectors on satellites, with events in current GRB catalogs. We have searched through the GRB catalogs (for the BATSE, HETE, and Swift experiments) for GRBs that occur at the extrapolated time of explosion and in the correct direction for known Type Ia supernovae with radial velocity of less than 3,000 km/s. For BATSE about 12.9+-3.6 nearby SNe Ia should have been detected, but only 0.8+-0.7 non-coincidental matches have been found. With the HETE and Swift satellites, we expect to see 5.6+-1.3 SN-Ia flashes from known nearby SNe Ia but, yet, no SN-Ia flashes were detected. These place observational limits that the bolometric peak luminosity of SN-Ia Flashes must be less ~10^46 erg/s. We attribute the difference between theory and observational limits to the absorption of the X- and gamma-rays by the accretion disk of large scale height or common envelope that would be smothering the white dwarf.

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