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arXiv 0909.0842astro-ph.SR
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通过喷射形成棕矮星的限制:年轻疏散星团IC2391的恒星和亚恒星质量函数的径向变化

A Constraint on brown dwarf formation via ejection: radial variation of the stellar and substellar mass function of the young open cluster IC2391

S. Boudreault, C. A. L. Bailer-Jones

摘要:

我们提出的恒星和亚恒星的质量函数的疏散星团IC 2391,加上其径向依赖性,并使用这把约束褐矮星的形成机制。我们的多波段光学和红外光度测量以及光谱跟踪覆盖了11平方度,使其成为迄今为止对该星团最大的调查。我们观察到的质量函数的径向变化范围为0.072至0.3Msol,但没有显着的变化在亚恒星边界以下的质量函数在三个集群半径的间隔分析。这种低质量的径向变化的缺乏是我们对褐矮星形成的喷射场景的预期,尽管考虑到IC 2391的年龄大约是它穿越时间的三倍,我们预计速度大于逃逸速度的褐矮星已经逃离了星系团。或者,恒星物体质量函数的变化可能表明它们通过动力学演化经历了质量分离。我们还观察到一个显着的变化在整个集群中的颜色(背景)场星轨迹的颜色-星等图,并得出结论,这是由于可变的背景消光在银河系平面。从我们初步的光谱后续确认褐矮星的地位和集群成员,我们发现,所有的候选人都是M矮星(无论是在现场或集群),证明了我们的光度选择方法在避免污染物(例如红巨星)的效率。大约有一半的光度候选者,我们有光谱被光谱确认为集群成员;两个是新的光谱确认的IC 2391褐矮星成员。

英文摘要:

We present the stellar and substellar mass function of the open cluster IC2391, plus its radial dependence, and use this to put constraints on the formation mechanism of brown dwarfs. Our multiband optical and infrared photometric survey with spectroscopic follow-up covers 11 square degrees, making it the largest survey of this cluster to date. We observe a radial variation in the mass function over the range 0.072 to 0.3Msol, but no significant variation in the mass function below the substellar boundary at the three cluster radius intervals analyzed. This lack of radial variation for low masses is what we would expect with the ejection scenario for brown dwarf formation, although considering that IC2391 has an age about three times older than its crossing time, we expect that brown dwarfs with a velocity greater than the escape velocity have already escaped the cluster. Alternatively, the variation in the mass function of the stellar objects could be an indication that they have undergone mass segregation via dynamical evolution. We also observe a significant variation across the cluster in the colour of the (background) field star locus in colour-magnitude diagrams and conclude that this is due to variable background extinction in the Galactic plane. From our preliminary spectroscopic follow-up to confirm brown dwarf status and cluster membership, we find that all candidates are M dwarfs (in either the field or the cluster), demonstrating the efficiency of our photometric selection method in avoiding contaminants (e.g. red giants). About half of our photometric candidates for which we have spectra are spectroscopically-confirmed as cluster members; two are new spectroscopically-confirmed brown dwarf members of IC2391.

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