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arXiv 0908.1484cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.mes-hall
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能量扩散逃逸的半经典理论

Semiclassical theory of energy diffusive escape

Alvise Verso, Joachim Ankerhold

摘要:

热逃逸出的亚稳井被认为是在弱摩擦制度,其中的瓶颈衰减是能量扩散,并在较低的温度下,量子隧穿变得相关。在一个系统的半经典形式主义的经典扩散方程的扩展来自从量子力学主方程。与以前的方法相比,有限势垒传输也会影响跃迁概率。衰减率是从固定的非平衡解获得的,并捕捉到了热波动和量子波动之间的密切相互作用,上述交叉到深量子制度。

英文摘要:

Thermal escape out of a metastable well is considered in the weak friction regime, where the bottleneck for decay is energy diffusion, and at lower temperatures, where quantum tunneling becomes relevant. Within a systematic semiclassical formalism an extension of the classical diffusion equation is derived starting from a quantum mechanical master equation. In contrast to previous approaches finite barrier transmission also affects transition probabilities. The decay rate is obtained from the stationary non-equilibrium solution and captures the intimate interplay between thermal and quantum fluctuations above the crossover to the deep quantum regime.

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