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arXiv 0908.1396astro-ph.CO
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分层星系形成模型中冷气体质量函数的红移演化

The Redshift Evolution of the Mass Function of Cold Gas in Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Models

C. Power, C. M. Baugh, C. G. Lacey

摘要:

准确预测宇宙中中性氢的丰度如何随红移而演化,是星系形成模型研究者面临的一个具有挑战性的问题。我们调查四个目前青睐的半解析星系形成模型的预测适用于千年模拟冷中性气体(原子和分子)在星系中的质量函数作为红移的函数,我们用这些预测来构建计数为下一代的全天空中性原子氢(HI)的调查。尽管不同的实现的物理成分的星系形成,我们发现,模型的预测是大致一致的,彼此的关键区别反映了模型如何处理活动星系核的反馈和如何恒星形成的时间尺度与红移的演变。模型产生的质量函数的冷气体在星系中,一般是在良好的协议与HI调查在$z$ =0。有趣的是,我们发现这些质量函数并不随红移而显着演化。采用一个简单的转换因子冷气体质量HI质量,我们适用于所有星系在所有的红移,我们得到的质量函数HI在星系中的预测质量函数的冷气体,我们用它来预测的源计数可能被检测到的HI调查下一代射电望远镜,如平方公里阵列和它的探路者。我们还展示了如何采用一个转换因子的冷气质量HI质量,不同的星系对星系的影响的数量计数。此外,我们还研究了星系的典型角尺寸如何随红移而变化。总之,这些结果清楚地表明,即将到来的HI调查将提供重要和强大的测试理论星系形成模型。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) Accurately predicting how the cosmic abundance of neutral hydrogen evolves with redshift is a challenging problem facing modellers of galaxy formation. We investigate the predictions of four currently favoured semi-analytical galaxy formation models applied to the Millennium simulation for the mass function of cold neutral gas (atomic and molecular) in galaxies as a function of redshift, and we use these predictions to construct number counts for the next generation of all-sky neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) surveys. Despite the different implementations of the physical ingredients of galaxy formation, we find that the model predictions are broadly consistent with one another; the key differences reflect how the models treat AGN feedback and how the timescale for star formation evolves with redshift. The models produce mass functions of cold gas in galaxies that are generally in good agreement with HI surveys at $z$=0. Interestingly we find that these mass functions do not evolve significantly with redshift. Adopting a simple conversion factor for cold gas mass to HI mass that we apply to all galaxies at all redshifts, we derive mass functions of HI in galaxies from the predicted mass functions of cold gas, which we use to predict the number counts of sources likely to be detected by HI surveys on next generation radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometre Array and its pathfinders. We show also how adopting a conversion factor for cold gas mass to HI mass that varies from galaxy to galaxy impacts on number counts. In addition, we examine how the typical angular sizes of galaxies vary with redshift. Taken together, these results make clear that forthcoming HI surveys will provide important and powerful tests of theoretical galaxy formation models.

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