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arXiv 0908.0499cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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缺陷核在空位能量学中的作用

Role of the defect-core in energetics of vacancies

Vikram Gavini

摘要:

采用宏观尺度的电子结构计算方法研究了缺陷核在铝中空位能量学中的重要作用。我们发现,空位核的变形状态,特别是体积应变显着影响空位核的能量。从核心的电子结构和计算的位移场的见解表明,这种依赖于体积应变是密切相关的体积变形下的核心结构的变化性质。这些结果与基于弹性相互作用的力学描述形成鲜明对比,弹性相互作用通常将缺陷核心能量视为无关紧要的常数。计算表明,核心能量的变化与变化的宏观变形是定量更显着的比相应的变化与弹性场相关的弛豫能。在研究各种宏观变形,其中包括体积,单轴,双轴和剪切变形,空位的形成能的影响,我们表明,体积变形中起主导作用,在管理这些缺陷的能量。此外,通过绘制空位和双空位的形成能对对应于任何宏观变形的体积应变,我们发现,在形成能的所有变化崩溃到一个通用的曲线。这表明了体积应变在空位能量学中的普遍作用。这些结果的背景下,由于剥落的金属动态故障的影响进行了分析。

英文摘要:

Electronic structure calculations at macroscopic scales are employed to investigate the crucial role of a defect-core in the energetics of vacancies in aluminum. We find that vacancy core-energy is significantly influenced by the state of deformation at the vacancy-core, especially volumetric strains. Insights from the core electronic structure and computed displacement fields show that this dependence on volumetric strains is closely related to the changing nature of the core-structure under volumetric deformations. These results are in sharp contrast to mechanics descriptions based on elastic interactions that often consider defect core-energies as an inconsequential constant. Calculations suggest that the variation in core-energies with changing macroscopic deformations is quantitatively more significant than the corresponding variation in relaxation energies associated with elastic fields. Upon studying the influence of various macroscopic deformations, which include volumetric, uniaxial, biaxial and shear deformations, on the formation energies of vacancies, we show that volumetric deformations play a dominant role in governing the energetics of these defects. Further, by plotting formation energies of vacancies and di-vacancies against the volumetric strain corresponding to any macroscopic deformation, we find that all variations in the formation energies collapse on to a universal curve. This suggests a universal role of volumetric strains in the energetics of vacancies. Implications of these results in the context of dynamic failure in metals due to spalling are analyzed.

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