我们证明了利用原子气体中的电磁感应透明性对磁场进行动态成像的可能性。作为一个实验演示，我们采用原子Rb气体被限制在一个玻璃细胞成像的横向磁场所产生的一个长直导线。在这种清晰地揭示了本质效应的布置中，视场约为2 x 2 mm^2，场检测不确定性为0.14 mG/10 um x 10 um图像像素。
英文摘要：
We demonstrate the possibility of dynamic imaging of magnetic fields using electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic gas. As an experimental demonstration we employ an atomic Rb gas confined in a glass cell to image the transverse magnetic field created by a long straight wire. In this arrangement, which clearly reveals the essential effect, the field of view is about 2 x 2 mm^2 and the field detection uncertainty is 0.14 mG per 10 um x 10 um image pixel.
Intensity correlation and anticorrelations in coherently prepared atomic vapor
根据最近的实验[V. A. Sautenkov，Yu. V. Rostovtsev，and M.O. Scully，Phys.Rev.A72，065801（2005）]，我们建立了一个理论模型，其中场强度起伏是由致密原子介质与具有有限带宽的激光场的共振相互作用引起的。通过外加磁场可以控制两束圆偏振光束之间的强度-强度互相关。观察到出射光束随磁场强度的变化从完全相关到反相关（零延迟时间）的平滑过渡。它为我们提供了所需的信息退相干率，例如，$^{87}$ Rb原子蒸气。
Generation of nonclassical light suitable for interaction with atoms corresponds to a crucial goal pursued across the broad quantum optics community. We present the generation of nonclassical photon pairs using the process of spontaneous four-wave mixing in warm atomic vapor with an unprecedentedly high degree of nonclassical photon correlations. We show how the unique combination of excitation of atoms in the proximity of the vapor cell viewport, single excitation laser beam, double-$Λ$ energy level scheme, auxiliary optical pumping, and particular optical filtering setups, allow for the spec…
We present the experimental generation of light with directly observable close-to ideal thermal statistical properties. The thermal light state is prepared using a spontaneous Raman emission in a warm atomic vapor. The photon number statistics is evaluated by both the measurement of second-order correlation function and by the detailed analysis of the corresponding photon number distribution, which certifies the quality of the Bose-Einstein statistics generated by natural physical mechanism. We further demonstrate the extension of the spectral bandwidth of the generated light to hundreds of MH…
Non-linear density scaling of spin noise reveals atomic correlations in warm vapors
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn（巴黎萨克雷大学、法国国家科学研究中心、巴黎萨克雷高等师范学院、中央理工-巴黎萨克雷大学、LuMIn）；Department of Applied Physics, University of Geneva（日内瓦大学应用物理系）；Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay（纳米科学与纳米技术中心、法国国家科学研究中心、巴黎萨克雷大学）
Rydberg-assisted atomic electrometry using alkali-metal atoms contained inside a vacuum environment for detecting external electric fields (E-fields) at frequencies $<$ a few kHz has been quite challenging due to the low-frequency E-field screening effect that is caused by the alkali-metal atoms adsorbed on the inner surface of the container. We report a very slow E-field screening phenomenon with a time scale up to $\sim$ second on a rubidium (Rb) vapor cell that is made of monocrystalline sapphire. Using this sapphire-made Rb vapor cell with optically induced, internal bias E-field, we demon…
We theoretically explore the possibility to detect weak localization of light in a hot atomic vapor, where one usually expects the fast thermal motion of the atoms to destroy any interference in multiple scattering. To this end, we compute the coherent backscattering peak, assuming high temperature and taking into account the quantum level structure of the atomic scatterers. It is found that the decoherence due to thermal motion can be partially counterbalanced by working at large laser detuning and using small atomic cells with an elongated geometry. Under these conditions, our estimates sugg…
Hot atomic vapors are widely used in non-linear and quantum optics due to their large Kerr non-linearity. While the linear refractive index and the transmission are precisely measured and well modeled theoretically, similar characterization remains partial for the $χ^{(3)}$ non-linear part of the susceptibility. In this work, we present a set of tools to measure and estimate numerically the non-linear index of hot atomic vapors both in the steady state and during the transient response of the medium. We apply these techniques for the characterization of a hot vapor of rubidium and we evidence …
Large-scale array of squeezed light and synchronization using atomic vapor
Fudan University（复旦大学）；Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院上海技术物理研究所）；Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）；Shanxi University（山西大学）
The diffusion crosstalk free distance is an important parameter for spin images in atomic vapor cells and is also regarded as a limit on the spatial resolution. However, by modulating the pumping light both spatially and temporally using a digital micromirror device, a spin image of a vapor cell has been obtained with a distinguishable stripe width of 13.7~$μ$m, which is much smaller than the corresponding diffusion crosstalk free distance of $\sim$138~$μ$m. The fundamental limit on the spatial resolution as determined by diffusion and the uncertainty principle is analyzed.
We propose and demonstrate an experimental implementation for the observation of magnetic fields from spatial features of absorption profiles in a warm atomic vapor. A radially polarized vector beam that traverses an atomic vapor will generate an absorption pattern with petal-like structure by the mediation of a transverse magnetic field (TMF). The spatial absorption pattern rotates when the azimuthal angle of the TMF is changed, while its contrast decreases when the longitudinal component of the magnetic field increases. By analyzing the intensity distribution of the transmitted pattern we ca…
We report the fabrication of alkali-metal vapor cells using femtosecond laser machining. This laser-written vapor-cell (LWVC) technology allows arbitrarily-shaped 3D interior volumes and has potential for integration with photonic structures and optical components. We use non-evaporable getters both to dispense rubidium and to absorb buffer gas. This enables us to produce cells with sub-atmospheric buffer gas pressures without vacuum apparatus. We demonstrate sub-Doppler saturated absorption spectroscopy and single beam optical magnetometry with a single LWVC. The LWVC technology may find appl…
We exploit the effect of light-induced atomic desorption to produce high atomic densities ($n\gg k^3$) in a rubidium vapor cell. An intense off-resonant laser is pulsed for roughly one nanosecond on a micrometer-sized sapphire-coated cell, which results in the desorption of atomic clouds from both internal surfaces. We probe the transient atomic density evolution by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy.With a temporal resolution of $\approx1\,\mathrm{ns}$, we measure the broadening and line shift of the atomic resonances. Both broadening and line shift are attributed to dipole-dipole interact…
