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arXiv 0907.2505cond-mat.supr-con
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超导回路中类磁通量的自发形成

Spontaneous Fluxoid Formation in Superconducting Loops

R. Monaco, J. Mygind, R. J. Rivers, V. P. Koshelets

摘要:

我们报告的第一个实验验证的Zurek-Kibble方案在一个孤立的超导环在很宽的参数范围。在一个宽的Nb环的快速正常-超导相变过程中,自发地产生一个单通量量子的概率明显地遵循与淬火时间$τ_{Q}$的异速生长关系,正如人们所期望的那样,如果相变发生得尽可能快,那么因果关系就允许。然而,所观察到的Zurek-Kibble标度指数$σ= 0.62\pm0.15$比大循环的预期大两倍。假设高斯缠绕数密度,我们表明,这种加倍是有根据的小环。

英文摘要:

We report on the first experimental verification of the Zurek-Kibble scenario in an isolated superconducting ring over a wide parameter range. The probability of creating a single flux quantum spontaneously during the fast normal-superconducting phase transition of a wide Nb loop clearly follows an allometric dependence on the quenching time $τ_{Q}$, as one would expect if the transition took place as fast as causality permits. However, the observed Zurek-Kibble scaling exponent $σ= 0.62\pm0.15$ is two times larger than anticipated for large loops. Assuming Gaussian winding number densities we show that this doubling is well-founded for small annuli.

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