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arXiv 0907.0564cond-mat.quant-gas
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介观玻色超流中的涡旋形核与宇称对称破缺

Vortex nucleation in mesoscopic Bose superfluid and breaking of the parity symmetry

D. Dagnino, N. Barberán, M. Lewenstein

摘要:

本文分析了旋转势阱中观二维玻色超流中的涡旋形核。我们明确地包括弱各向异性搅拌势,从而明确地打破轴对称。当旋转频率通过临界值$Ω_c$时,系统经历额外对称性改变/破缺。远低于$Ω_c$的基态是适当的平均场论与均匀的凝聚波函数。远高于$Ω_c$,MF解决方案也工作得很好,但序参量变得奇怪。因此,这种现象涉及离散的宇称对称性破缺。在临界区域,MF解表现出动力学不稳定性。真正的多体纠缠态是一种强关联的纠缠态,它包含两个宏观占据模(单粒子密度算符的本征态)。我们在各个方面描述了这种状态:i)绝热演化的资格; ii)由两个单模的最大纠缠组合给出的解析近似;最后iii)它在粒子探测测量中的出现。

英文摘要:

We analyze vortex nucleation in mezoscopic 2D Bose superfluid in a rotating trap. We explicitly include a weakly anisotropic stirring potential, breaking thus explicitly the axial symmetry. As the rotation frequency passes the critical value $Ω_c$ the system undergoes an extra symmetry change/breaking. Well below $Ω_c$ the ground state is properly described by the mean field theory with an even condensate wave function. Well above $Ω_c$ the MF solution works also well, but the order parameter becomes odd. This phenomenon involves therefore a discrete parity symmetry breaking. In the critical region the MF solutions exhibit dynamical instability. The true many body state is a strongly correlated entangled state involving two macroscopically occupied modes (eigenstates of the single particle density operator). We characterize this state in various aspects: i) the eligibility for adiabatic evolution; ii) its analytical approximation given by the maximally entangled combination of two single modes; and finally iii) its appearance in particle detection measurements.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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