有限密度和有限温度的Skyrmion方法
Skyrmion approach to finite density and temperature
摘要：
我们回顾了近几年来发展起来的一种描述有限密度和温度下强子物质的方法，其基本理论框架是Skyrme模型，一种有效的低能理论，植根于大$N_c$ QCD。在这种方法中，物质被描述为各种晶体结构的skyrmions，经典的拓扑孤子携带重子数，从传统的重子出现量子化。手征和尺度对称性在由π介子、介子和矢量介子自由度描述的动力学中起着至关重要的作用。当压缩或加热时，skyrmion物质描述了一个丰富的相图，该相图与限制/解除限制相变有很强的联系。
英文摘要：
We review an approach, developed over the past few years, to describe hadronic matter at finite density and temperature, whose underlying theoretical framework is the Skyrme model, an effective low energy theory rooted in large $N_c$ QCD. In this approach matter is described by various crystal structures of skyrmions, classical topological solitons carrying baryon number, from which conventional baryons appear by quantization. Chiral and scale symmetries play a crucial role in the dynamics as described by pion, dilaton and vector meson degrees of freedom. When compressed or heated skyrmion matter describes a rich phase diagram which has strong connections with the confinement/deconfinement phase transition.
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