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arXiv 0906.1428stat.AP
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颗粒物浓度的实用大尺度时空模拟

Practical large-scale spatio-temporal modeling of particulate matter concentrations

Christopher J. Paciorek, Jeff D. Yanosky, Robin C. Puett, Francine Laden, Helen H. Suh

摘要:

在过去的二十年里,科学和监管部门对颗粒物(PM)的健康影响产生了浓厚的兴趣。描述个人慢性暴露特征的有影响力的流行病学研究依赖于在空间和时间上稀少的监测数据,因此它们经常在大的地理区域和不同的时间为参与者分配相同的暴露。我们估计每月PM在1988- 2002年在一个大的空间域用于研究护士健康研究的健康影响。我们开发了一个概念上简单的时空模型,使用了丰富的协变量集。该模型用于估计整个时间段的$PM_{10}$浓度和该时间段子集的$PM_{2.5}$浓度。在这一时期的早期,1988- 1998年,很少有$PM_{2.5}$监测器在运行,因此我们开发了一个简单的扩展模型,该模型以$PM_{10}$模型预测为条件代表$PM_{2.5}$。在流行病学分析中,$PM_{10}$的模型预测与健康影响的相关性比使用更简单的方法估计暴露时更强。我们的建模方法支持的应用程序,估计精细和大规模的空间异质性和捕捉空间-时间的相互作用,通过使用每月变化的空间表面。同时,该模型在计算上是可行的,可以用标准软件实现,并且易于为科学受众所理解。尽管简化了假设,该模型具有良好的预测性能和不确定性表征。

英文摘要:

The last two decades have seen intense scientific and regulatory interest in the health effects of particulate matter (PM). Influential epidemiological studies that characterize chronic exposure of individuals rely on monitoring data that are sparse in space and time, so they often assign the same exposure to participants in large geographic areas and across time. We estimate monthly PM during 1988--2002 in a large spatial domain for use in studying health effects in the Nurses' Health Study. We develop a conceptually simple spatio-temporal model that uses a rich set of covariates. The model is used to estimate concentrations of $PM_{10}$ for the full time period and $PM_{2.5}$ for a subset of the period. For the earlier part of the period, 1988--1998, few $PM_{2.5}$ monitors were operating, so we develop a simple extension to the model that represents $PM_{2.5}$ conditionally on $PM_{10}$ model predictions. In the epidemiological analysis, model predictions of $PM_{10}$ are more strongly associated with health effects than when using simpler approaches to estimate exposure. Our modeling approach supports the application in estimating both fine-scale and large-scale spatial heterogeneity and capturing space--time interaction through the use of monthly-varying spatial surfaces. At the same time, the model is computationally feasible, implementable with standard software, and readily understandable to the scientific audience. Despite simplifying assumptions, the model has good predictive performance and uncertainty characterization.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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