西海岸森林火灾排放物对大气环境的影响：卫星和地基联合评估
Effects of West Coast forest fire emissions on atmospheric environment: A coupled satellite and ground-based assessment
摘要：
森林火灾对整个生态系统的大气环境和空气质量产生深远影响。最近在美利坚合众国（美国）西海岸发生的森林大火打破了以往的所有记录，并造成了严重的环境和公共卫生负担。截至9月中旬，近600万英亩森林面积被烧毁，迄今已有25人伤亡。在这项研究中，利用卫星和现场空气污染数据来研究这场前所未有的野火对大气环境的影响。对2020年（火灾年）和2019年（参考年）8月15日至9月15日期间一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化氮（NO2）、二氧化硫（SO2）、臭氧（O3）、颗粒物（PM2. 5和PM10）和气溶胶指数（AI）6种空气污染物的时空浓度进行了测量。以现场数据为主导的测量结果显示，在8月15日至9月15日期间，CO（ppm），PM2.5和PM10浓度（μg/m3）的最高增幅集中在西部沿海火灾多发州。平均CO浓度（ppm）在俄勒冈州（1147.10）增加最显著，其次是华盛顿州（812.76）和加利福尼亚州（13.17）。与此同时，在受野火严重影响的所有三个州，颗粒物（PM2.5和PM10）的浓度（μg/m3）都有所增加。PM2.5和PM10的变化（正）在华盛顿最高（PM2.5和PM10分别为45.83和88.47），其次是俄勒冈州（PM2.5和PM10分别为41.99和62.75）和加利福尼亚州（PM2.5和PM10分别为31.27和35.04）。还测量了所有三个易发生火灾的州的CO、PM2.5和PM10暴露的平均水平。暴露评估的结果显示，荒地火灾和当地/区域空气质量标准之间存在很强的权衡关系。
英文摘要：
Forest fires have a profound impact on the atmospheric environment and air quality across the ecosystems. The recent west coast forest fire in the United States of America (USA) has broken all the past records and caused severe environmental and public health burdens. As of middle September, nearly 6 million acres forest area were burned, and more than 25 casualties were reported so far. In this study, both satellite and in-situ air pollution data were utilized to examine the effects of this unprecedented wildfire on the atmospheric environment. The spatiotemporal concentrations of total six air pollutants, i.e. carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), and aerosol index (AI), were measured for the periods of 15 August to 15 September for 2020 (fire year) and 2019 (reference year). The in-situ data-led measurements show that the highest increases in CO (ppm), PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations (μg/m3) were clustered around the west coastal fire-prone states, during the 15 August - 15 September period. The average CO concentration (ppm) was increased most significantly in Oregon (1147.10), followed by Washington (812.76), and California (13.17). Meanwhile, the concentration (μg/m3) in particulate matter (both PM2.5 and PM10), was increased in all three states affected severely by wildfires. Changes (positive) in both PM2.5 and PM10 were measured highest in Washington (45.83 and 88.47 for PM2.5 and PM10), followed by Oregon (41.99 and 62.75 for PM2.5 and PM10), and California (31.27 and 35.04 for PM2.5 and PM10). The average level of exposure to CO, PM2.5, and PM10 was also measured for all the three fire-prone states. The results of the exposure assessment revealed a strong tradeoff association between wildland fire and local/regional air quality standard.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
