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arXiv 0905.2925math.CAmath-phmath.MP
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SU(n)和切比雪夫多项式的轨道函数

Orbit functions of SU(n) and Chebyshev polynomials

M. Nesterenko, J. Patera, A. Tereszkiewicz

摘要:

单李群/李代数L的轨道函数由在L的Weyl群上求和的指数函数组成。它们被标记为L的不可约有限维表示的最高权。它们有三种类型:C-、S-和E-函数。讨论了李代数An的轨道函数,或等价地,李群SU(n+1)的轨道函数.首先,利用n元置换群与SU(n)的Weyl群的同构,写出了两个不同基上的轨道函数--一个正交基,另一个由SU(n)的单根给出.其次,证明了经典的第一类和第二类切比雪夫多项式与单李群SU(2)的C-函数和$S$ -函数之间存在一一对应关系。然后证明了SU(n)的轨道函数是切比雪夫多项式对n-1个变量的直接推广。轨道函数的性质提供了多项式的丰富性质。最后,考虑了多元指数函数,并建立了它们与SU(n)轨道函数的联系。

英文摘要:

Orbit functions of a simple Lie group/Lie algebra L consist of exponential functions summed up over the Weyl group of L. They are labeled by the highest weights of irreducible finite dimensional representations of L. They are of three types: C-, S- and E-functions. Orbit functions of the Lie algebras An, or equivalently, of the Lie group SU(n+1), are considered. First, orbit functions in two different bases - one orthonormal, the other given by the simple roots of SU(n) - are written using the isomorphism of the permutation group of n elements and the Weyl group of SU(n). Secondly, it is demonstrated that there is a one-to-one correspondence between classical Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind, and C- and $S$-functions of the simple Lie group SU(2). It is then shown that the well-known orbit functions of SU(n) are straightforward generalizations of Chebyshev polynomials to n-1 variables. Properties of the orbit functions provide a wealth of properties of the polynomials. Finally, multivariate exponential functions are considered, and their connection with orbit functions of SU(n) is established.

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